1. Title By Serhat Yıldız China Historical relations with Mongol clans and England of

2. Introduction Aim To explain how Mongol clans and England influenced the Chinese history +

3. Introduction Includes; CHINESE defence, trade, goverment failures and politics Excludes; education and gold Outline sy

4. It is clear that approach the sea from point the purely trading of view is attacking way of England the most important + $ + $

5. On the other hand complimentary land route is pronounced a neccesity for England to maintain and extend its commercial and political influence + + ? ? + +

6. AlthoughSzchuen from size its population trade and products may be truly called The Empire provience szchuenothers

7. Szchuen has disadvantage of being difficult of access from rest of world merchandise can reach it after a difficult voyage

8. Mr. Harry Parkessuceeded Mr.Alcock as consul at Canton no inconsiderable amount tact was required to carry on relations with officials who refused to show themselves at of

9. However day the evil of collision open could not be averted and antagonism caused by clashing views and interests at last broke forth on a point which would have been promtly settled there had been direct intercourse English and Chinese officials ?

10. Mr. Parkes at once sent a letterto Yeh on the subject of very grave insult requesting that the captured crew of The Arrow should be returned to that vessel withoutdelay and any charges made against them be examined At the English consulate

11. However reply in his commissioner Yeh Justified and upheld the act of his subordinates and of the twelve men seized he returned nine but with regard to three whom he detained he declaredone to be criminal and others witnesses important

12. Galdan determined that begining the most adventageous the easiest his enterprise is to attack his neighbors The Khalkas and for ?

13. Hence he began encroachment systematic into lands their in 1679 and he also resorted every device to screen his movements from chinese court to

14. Galdan declared that arrivial of an embassy from powerful and rich Chinese emperor in his poor state is the most glorious event of his reign $

15. However he refused to make tender any of allegiance or to subscribe himself as a chinese vassal $ $

16. Budanstar Although selected abode race his territory between as the of Onon Kerulon region fertile itself well protected those rivers against attacks the and the a in and by

17. He indicated followers pursue active temperate life remain his to warriors rather than become rich lazy citizens and to $

18. Holasent army bring under his best general Hushau Mongol chief reason but inaccessibility his home stood him good state an to in

19. Hence when Kin army endevadored make stand against pursuers it suffered crushing overthrow battle Hailing Kins sending larger force against Mongols1139 it had better fortune no the in a at and on in

20. Budanstar sowed the seed future mongol greatness of chief and the clan his remained family in his

21. Budanstar first chief is the house of the Genghis of achievements mhytical whose are more than

22. Mongols first appeared separate clan after China’s war them with

23. The earlier history mongol clan obscure of the royal house Genghis is with of

24. Mongolian clan is a group closely of people related mongolian that members has tie blood Keyword : Mongol clan

25. Keyword :The Genghis Khan is a military leader who founded mongolian empire by unifiying Mongolian tribes

26. Keyword: The Mongols The mongols are an groups ethnic that particularly originated inner Asia

27. References : http://hamlin.cc.boun.edu.tr/~inelmen/china04w.doc

28. Keyword : Atilla is the most king important of Huns who invaded Roma and called God of scourge