1. yule, 19921 Principles of Politeness Pertemuan 10 Matakuliah: G1042/Pragmatics Tahun: 2006

2. yule, 19922 Learning Outcomes Mahasiswa dapat memberikan contoh tentang negative and positive politeness dalam kehicupan sehari hari (C2)

3. yule, 19923 Materi outline Say something off and on the record Positive and negative politeness Strategies

4. yule, 19924 10.1 Say something off and on the record Off the record –The hearer acts as if the statements have not been heard On the record –We can directly address others Bald on record The most direct approach is the use of imperative forms

5. yule, 19925 10.2 Positive and negative politeness A positive politeness strategy leads the requester to appeal to a common goal, and even friendship, via expressions. Negative politeness strategy lease to a face threatening act.

6. yule, 19926 10.3 Strategies (1) Solidarity strategy –Positive politeness forms emphasizing closeness between speaker and hearer. Linguistically this strategy will include personal information, use of nicknames, shared dialects. The terms used – we, let’s

7. yule, 19927 10.3 Strategies (2) Deference strategy –The use of negative politeness forms emphasizing the hearer’s right to freedom This involves – ‘formal politeness’ It is impersonal, Includes expressions that refer to neither the speaker nor the hearer. The language emphasizes the speaker’s and hearer’s independence There is no personal claim

8. yule, 19928 Conclusion In making a conversation, there are two strategies to be used depending on the situation i.e. solidarity strategy and deference strategy.