1. Nursery/Landscape Pests & Disorders Identification

2. Insects

3. Aphid  Small, soft-bodied insects  Green, pink, black or yellow  Can be wingless  They cluster on tips of new growth & leaf undersides  Suck plant juices  Secrete “Honeydew”  A sweet smelling fluid that attracts ants and causes black sooty fungus to grow on leaves

4. Bagworm  Caterpillars that make spindle-shaped bags  Attack both deciduous and coniferous trees  Really like the evergreens  Will strip the plant of foliage  Often get mistaken for pine cones

5. Borer  Eventually transforms into a moth  They bore into the bark at soil level and eat their way through the tree  Small, sawdust piles will appear around base of tree  Sometimes sap will ooze from small holes

6. Leafhopper Largest family of plant-feeding insects More leafhopper species worldwide than all species of birds, mammals reptiles and amphibians combined They feed by sucking the sap of vascular plants

7. Leaf Miner  A moth that as a caterpillar lives on the leaves of plants  As it feeds, it leaves a trail or a path way

8. Scale  Sucking insects that insert tiny, straw-like mouthparts into bark, fruit or leaves  Causes plant to weaken and grow slowly  Different species will harm the plant more than others

9. Spider Mite  Congregate in dense colonies on the undersides of leaves  Damage by puncturing plant cells  You’ll see a silvering or a stippled effect on top of leaf  When you rub the underside of a plant, the plant will feel gritty

10. Snail/Slug  Snails have coiled shells at adult age  Slugs lack a shell or have an internal shell  Feed on leaves of plants

11. Whitefly  Feed by sucking juices from the leaves and stems of plants  Especially vegetable plants  They secrete Honeydew as well  They lay eggs on the underside of the leaf that look like semitransparent scales

12. White Grub  Larvae of Scarabs or Beetles  Attack the roots of turf grass and ornamental plants  Damage appears to be drought-like

13. Diseases

14. Anthracnose  Fungi that attacks hardwoods  Attacks Oaks and Sycamore more than others  Will completely defoliate trees  Strip off all leaves  Starts with small parts of necrosis on leaves

15. Apple Scab  A disease of apple trees caused by the Ascomycete fungus  Manifests by dull black or grey-brown lesions on the surface of tree leaves  Fruits are most susceptible  Rarely kills the plant but dramatically reduces yield

16. Black Spot  Fungus that causes Black Spots or dead spots to appear all over the leaf  Kills the photosynthetic capability of the plant

17. Botrytis  A Necrotrophic fungus  A fungus that causes tissue to die  Often referred to as Gray Mold  Attacks the fruit of plants

18. Canker Encompasses a large number of plant diseases that have similar symptoms Dead tissue that grows over the years Cankers vary and each canker has a different effect on the plant

19. Cedar-Apple Rust Caused by a fungal pathogen that attacks crabapples and apples, as well as few junipers Must move from one type of host to other

20. Crown Gall

21. Fireblight

22. Powdery Mildew

23. Root Rot

24. Weeds

25. Annual Bluegrass

26. Broadleaf Plantain

27. Buckhorn Plantain

28. Chickweed

29. Crabgrass

30. Dandelion

31. Henbit

32. Nutsedge

33. Oxalis Wikipeida.org

34. Purslane

35. White Clover

36. Physiological Problems

37. Frost/Freeze Injury

38. Iron Deficiency

39. Leaf Scorch (drought/winter burn)

40. Nitrogen Deficiency

41. Pot-bound roots

42. String Trimmer Injury

43. 2,4-D Injury