By the 19 th century, Europe was Self sufficient in oil production Developing its oil reserves Dependent on foreign oil Exporting oil to other nations.

By the 19 th century, Europe was Self sufficient in oil production Developing its oil reserves Dependent on foreign oil Exporting oil to other nations Not yet using oil in significant quanitities

What was notable about the proportion of Europeans in the world’s population around 1900? It was smaller than at any point before of since It was at the end of a long decline It was greater than at any point before or since It was nearly as great as it had been in the late eighteenth century It was about half as great as it is today

Between 1846 and 1932, how many Europeans left their homelands? 2 million 10 million 20 million 35 million 50 million

The growth in Europe’s population in the late nineteenth century can be attributed primarily to (A) falling mortality rates (B) a decline in emigration (C) a growing trend toward larger families- (D) falling marriage rates in western Europe (E) population growth rates that were higher in western than in central Europe

All of the following were invented during the Second Industrial Revolution (1850-1914) EXCEPT Synthetic dyes Dynamite The power loom The Bessemer process of steel production The safety elevator

.Identify the inventor of the phonograph, the light bulb and many other important inventions. A.Edison. B.Bell. C.Morse. D.Marconi

. New industries, such as railroads, chemical production, and electricity generation advanced most rapidly in which of the following European countries during the last years of the 19 th century? Belgium Russia Germany England France

During the last third of the nineteenth century, new industries, such as those producing electric power and chemicals, advanced most rapidly in which of the following European countries? A) France (B) Italy (C) Germany (D) Belgium (E) Spain

Which of the following first appeared as major industries in Europe between 1860 and 1914? (A) Textiles, mining, and railroads (B) Shoemaking, food processing, and petroleum (C) Steelmaking, chemicals, and petroleum (D) Iron smelting, mining, and shipbuilding (E) Textiles, iron smelting, and machine-tool manufacturing

The Industrial Revolution demonstrated significant advances in all of the following EXCEPT The uses of the internal combustion engine The mining of coal The powering of ships The development of railroads The manufacturing of textiles

. The inventions of new forms of power such as steam and electricity Led to the creation of the factory system Facilitated the invention of the automobile Decreased demand for coal Allowed manufacturers to relocate their mills away from water sources Doomed the shipping economy

. In the mid-nineteenth century, industrial growth in Western Europe was significantly stimulated by the (A) abolition of national customs barriers (B) introduction of assembly-line production (C) investment of United States Capital (D) expansion of transportation systems (E) expansion of labor unions

The development of the Bessemer process was significant because it Doubled cotton production Facilitated the move away from human and water power Shifted the balance of military powerin the 19 th century Allowed for the manufacture of iron and steel more cheaply and in larger quantities Doubled the speed with which goods could be transportd

The advantage of electrical power over steam power that came to be exploited towards the end of the 19 th century was Speed of electricity Reliability of electric power Greater versatility and ease of transportation of electrical systems Cheaper cost of electrical power Greater energy output of electrical generators

. The advantage of electrical power over steam power that came to be exploited towards the end of the 19 th century was the Speed of electricity Reliability of electric power Greater versatility and ease of transportation of electrical systems Cheaper cost of electrical power Greater energy output of electrical generators

Which of the following accurately illustrates the reciprocal nature of innovation on the Second Industrial Revolution? The increase in the demand for coal created by the introduction of steam power The demand for more and improved steam engines created by the development of the iron and steel industries The need for a railway system to transport iron and steel The increased demand for iron and steel created by the development of the railroad All of the above

The invention of new forms of power such as steam and electricity Led to the creation of the factory system Facilitated the invention of the automobile Decreased demand for coal Allowed manufacturers to relocate their mills away from water sources Doomed the shipping industry

. Which of the following first appeared as major industries in Europe between 1860 and 1914? (A) Textiles, mining, and railroads (B) Shoemaking, food processing, and petroleum (C) Steelmaking, chemicals, and petroleum (D) Iron smelting, mining, and shipbuilding (E) Textiles, iron smelting, and machine-tool manufacturing

During the last third of the nineteenth century, new industries, such as those producing electric power and chemicals, advanced most rapidly in which of the following European countries? (A) France (B) Italy (C) Germany (D) Belgium (E) Spain

The development of the suburbs was a response to all of the following conditions EXCEPT The reorganization of cities for business and governmental purposes The increasing congestion of urban areas An increasing mumber of slums that reduced urban property values Improved railway systems connectiong city to suburbs The clearing of slums

Which of the following figures was responsible for the sweeping redesign of Paris in the 19 th century Robert Metro Gustav Eiffel Georges Haussman Rudolf Virchow e. Louis Pasteur

. Bon Marche in Paris was an early Public sporting event Café Apartment building with electric lights Joint-stock company Department store

. In England, the work of Edwin Chadwick resulted in Free elementary education The founding of the Fabians The beginnings of the Labour Party Paid sanitation inspectors for rooming houses The Reform Bill of 1867, which expanded the franchise

The development of the suburbs was a response to all of the following conditions EXCEPT The reorganization of cities for business and governmental purposes The increasing congestion of urban areas An increasing mumber of slums that reduced urban property values Improved railway systems connectiong city to suburbs The clearing of slums

The development of the suburbs was a response to all of the following conditions EXCEPT The reorganization of cities for business and governmental purposes The increasing congestion of urban areas An increasing number of slums that reduced urban property values Improved railway systems connectiong city to suburbs The clearing of slums

The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889 As the major entrance to the city of Paris As a symbol of French cultural superiority As a temporary structure for the international trade exposition As a radio tower that would enable France to conduct espionage on its neighbors From funds collected from schoolchildren

.. Which of the following was a major social effect of the early Industrial Revolution? (A) New rhythms of work and leisure (B) Increase of the average age at first marriage (C) Rapid improvement in workers’ wages (D) Decline of children’s employment opportunities (E) Extensive government efforts to provide public housing

. In the period between 1871 and 1914, European governments regarded public education for the masses as important primarily because it would (A)discourage emigration to the New World (B)ensure that children received comprehensive religious instruction (C)ensure that laborers were informed participants in the union movement (D)provide society with well-informed and responsible citizens (E)lead to woman suffrage

In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation (B) Mining (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work

The typical 19 th century middle class woman Enjoyed career opportunites on a peer wither her male counterparts Was restricted politically, but she found outlets for political action in universities Enjoyed much domestic luxury, but she found outlets for political action in universities Had little to do with the rearing of her children Turned to prostitution and cottage industries

By the 1870’s, most Western European governments had begun to provide all of the following EXCEPT (A) primary schooling for children (B) safety inspection of factories (C) public parks, museums, and libraries (D) municipal water and sewage disposal in urban areas (E) medical and health insurance

. European governments regarded public education for the masses as important primarily because it would (A)discourage emigration to the New World (B)ensure that children received comprehensive religious instruction (C)ensure that laborers were informed participants in the union movement (D)provide society with well-informed and responsible citizens (E)lead to woman suffrage

Which of the following best describes an important trend in typical family size in Western Europe after 1870? (A) It increased in urban areas due to improvements in public health and housing for workers. (B) It decreased in working-class families due to legislation limiting child labor. (C) It decreased sharply because of chronic food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased costs of rearing children. (E) It remained unchanged because of massive emigration overseas

. Which of the following best describes an important trend in typical family size in Western Europe after 1870? (A) It increased in urban areas due to improvements in public health and housing for workers. (B) It decreased in working-class families due to legislation limiting child labor. (C) It decreased sharply because of chronic food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased costs of rearing children. (E) It remained unchanged because of massive emigration overseas

The new physics caused much scientific controversy in the early twentieth century primarily because it (A)led to the use of x-rays for medical diagnosis (B)inspired the first attempts to build an atomic bomb (C)placed Germany at the forefront of fundamental scientific research (D)challenged traditional notions of causality, time, and space (E)showed that God could not intervene in the universe except spiritually

.. In the mid-nineteenth century, industrial growth in Western Europe was significantly stimulated by the (A) abolition of national customs barriers (B) introduction of assembly-line production (C) investment of United States Capital (D) expansion of transportation systems (E) expansion of labor unions

The disease most common in industrialized areas of nineteenth-century Europe was (A) bubonic plague (B) tuberculosis (C) smallpox (D) malaria (E) leprosy

The Industrial Revolution was partially responsible for all of the following developments in Great Britain EXCEPT (A) an increase in the mobility of the work force (B) the improvement of the transportation network (C) increased emigration to the colonies (D) a large increase in annual national income (E) an increase in the number of small landowners

. All of the following were aspects of life in the largest cities of Western Europe during the latter half of the nineteenth century EXCEPT (A) increasing availability of what had been luxury foodstuffs—sugar, tea, and meat—to the lower middle classes (B) sensationalist tabloid newspapers covering both national and international news (C) significant numbers of workers responsive to socialist ideology (D) declining standards of public health and life expectancy (E) increasing nationalism among the urban populations

Two of the leaders in the nineteenth-century development of the germ theory of disease were: (A) Marie Curie and Max Planck (B) Gregor Mendel and Auguste Comte (C) John Dalton and Michael Faraday (D) Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch (E) Jonas Salk and Francis Crick

. In the first half of the nineteenth century, which of the following was a field of employment that was exclusively male? (A) Agriculture (B) Teaching (C) The legal profession (D) Domestic service (E) Factory work

. In England the work of Edwin Chadwick resulted in Free elementary education The founding of the Fabians The beginnings of the Labour Party Paid sanitation inspectors for rooming houses The Reform Bill of 1867, which expanded the franchise

The latter 19 th century can be considered the “Age of the Middle Class” mainly because This period was the first challenge to the old class system The middle class was large and wealthy enough to set tastes and values for society Traditional nobility lost its prestige at this time Members of the middle class finally won political rights in the wake of the 1848 revolutions For the first time there was general equality in income levels

. In the period between 1871 and 1914, European governments regarded public education for the masses as important primarily because it would (A)discourage emigration to the New World (B)ensure that children received comprehensive religious instruction (C)ensure that laborers were informed participants in the union movement (D)provide society with well-informed and responsible citizens (E)lead to woman suffrage

Which of the following best describes an important trend in typical family size in Western Europe after 1870? (A) It increased in urban areas due to improvements in public health and housing for workers. (B) It decreased in working-class families due to legislation limiting child labor. (C) It decreased sharply because of chronic food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased costs of rearing children. (E) It remained unchanged because of massive emigration overseas

. In the early 20 th century Britain, the organization that advocated a broader notion of women’ rights was the Women’s Social and Political Union Fabian Society Social Democrats National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies Zionists

. Which of the following countries was the last to grant women the right to vote France Sweden Italy Switzerland Finland

. The organization that campaigned for women’s voting rights in Britain was The Fabian Society Feminism The National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies The National Women’s League The Women’s Social and Political Union

. Most European governments granted women the right to vote After the revolts of 1848 After the unification of Italy and Germany Around 1900 After WWI After WWII

. In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation (B) Mining (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work

. The suffragettes gained much attention in Great Britain because Most men started to accept female suffrage They were the first female political organization They seemed to effective in galvanizing the support of women Their violent acts seemed to be contrary to Victorian ideals concerning women They combined political and economic demands

More recent interpretation of the sexual division of labor argue that it occurred for all of the following reasons EXCEPT An effort by older people to help control the sexuality of the working-class youth The conflict between child care and factory discipline The conscious efforts of women to escape the horrors of the factory systemon The difficulty of managing an urban household The belief that men needed to earn more to support a family left women with lower wages

. What new sexual division of labor emerged as a result of industrialization in the 19 th century? Women became the family’s primary wage earner Married women with children were most likely to work in factories Women were confined to low-paying jobs with little chance for advancement “Mr. Moms” often provided child care while their wives stayed at home African slavery was introduced in the newly industrialized nations of Europe

. In the later half of the 19 th century, the preindustrial pattern of women working outside of the home continued primarily for which group? Middle-class women Social elites The wives of urban professionals Working-class women Young urban professionals

Most early factory workers were women because A.more women than men sought employment. B.employers could pay women less than men. C.women were less likely than men to have accidents. D.women were more willing than men to work long hours.

The American Civil War decreased Europe’s supply of cotton from the American South. What did the Europeans do to maintain the flow of this natural resource for their textile industries? A.European factory owners agreed to pay a higher price for American cotton. B.European factory owners supported abolition of slavery to end the Civil War. C.European factory owners turned to Egypt and India as new sources of cotton. D.European governments intervened militarily to force the resumption of the trade in cotton

What were the three factors of production required to drive the industrial revolution? A.Land, labor, capital. B.Government, military, colonies. C.Raw materials, natural resources, man- made goods. D.Road, railway, and water transport

To increase production output during the Industrial Revolution, businesses primarily invested in A.workers’ wages. B.machinery. C.training. D.marketing

Women’s suffrage was first achieved at the national level in Germany and Great Britain in the period (A) 1848- 1870 (B) 1871-1885 (C) 1886-1900 (D) 1901-1913 (E) 1914-1930

. In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation (B) Mining (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work

Of the following, which was the central issue for nineteenth-century European advocates of women’s rights? (A)The right of women to control their own property (B)Equal pay for equal work (C)The right to serve in the military (D)Alimony and child support in cases of divorce (E)The right to civil marriage ceremonies

. In early 20 th century Britain, the organization that advocated a broader notion of women’s rights was the Women’s Social and Political Union Fabian Society Social Democrats National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies Zionists

The typical 19 th century middle class woman Enjoyed career opportunites on a peer wither her male counterparts Was restricted politically, but she found outlets for political action in universities Enjoyed much domestic luxury, but she found outlets for political action in universities Had little to do with the rearing of her children Turned to prostitution and cottage industries

In the 19 th century conditions for Jews improved in all of the following European countries EXCEPT. Italy England France Russia E. Austria

Theodore Herzl was a Jewish journalist who Defended Alfred Dreyfus when he was accused of treason Fought the idea of ghettos in Russia and Eastern Europe Wrote a book praising Jewish cultural achievements First pushed for the created of a Jewish state in Palestine Was the first president of Israel

Which country’s government most aggressively and thoroughly restricted the freedom of Jews during the second half of the 19 th century France Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Russia

. All of the following statements regarding changes that occurred in the religious life of Western Europe between 1870 and 1914 are true EXCEPT: (A) Many Protestant groups became divided between fundamentalists and modernists. (B) The Roman Catholic church was slower to adapt to cultural change than were the Protestant groups. (C) The major Jewish communities rejected the changes brought about by urbanization and became more orthodox. (D) The Status of religion generally in Western European culture was undermined by growing materialism

Which of the following European states was the last to eliminate legal discrimination against Jews? (A) Austria-Hungary (B) France (C) Great Britain (D) Italy (E) Russia

The nation in which the development of mass politics in the 19 th century proceeded most effectively and with the least violence was Britain Russia Austria-Hungary France Germany

Eduard Berstein, the father of Marxist revisionism, believed that Marxism as a political force would be finished uless it learned how to deal with the issue of unemployment Workers would not need to seize power by revolutionary tactics because their goals could be achieved through democratic means Workers need to primarily think of themselves as wage slaves before they could become Marxists European nations would have to adjust themselves to Marxism and not the other way around Marxism as political force was over

“Revisonist” socialists Preached class war and international revolution Were followers of Karl Marx Refused compromise with existing governments Were characterized by the Lasallian socialist of Germany Advocated overthrow of church and state

The Fabian Society was a(n) Group of English literary people, authors of literature in the school of realism Group of English socialists Italian party advocating imperialism French trade union Secret Marxist group in Germany progress

Which of the following figures is most closely associated with the First International Vladimir Lenin Karl Marx Frederick Engels Grigory Rasputin Gergory Plekhanov

Which of the following was most closely associated with anarchism? (A) The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand and his wife Sophie (B) The execution of Tsar Nicholas 11 and his family (C) The split between the Mensheviks and the Bolsheviks (D) The formation of the Fabian Society (E) The growth of the syndicalist movement

Bismark’s attitude toward the German Social Democratic Party (SPD) and its policies is best characterized as A continuum of hostility and antisocialist legislation Total approval of the policies of the SPD Sudden acceptance of socialist reforms An anit-SPD perspective that modulated into gradual acceptance of some socialist policies An indifference to the efforts of the SPD

. Which of the following best characterizes the aims of Bismark’s diplomacy after 1871? Achiieving territorial gains Encouraging an alliance with France, Austria, and Russia A broad policy of expansion in the Ottoman Empire Improving Germany’s position of inter national dominance and security Conquering Russia

One of the major tenets of Karl Marx’s work was that (A) peasants and artisans would combine with factory workers to lead the forthcoming socialist revolution (B) by increasing social interaction, capitalism improved the quality of human relationships (C) the Industrial Revolution was a social disaster which had to be undone to restore the humane preindustrial society (D) history moves inevitably through a series of stages culminating in socialism (E) the historical function of government has been to protect the weak from exploitation by the powerful

. In Britain, the call for a completely democratic, House of Commons was put forward in The Great Reform Bill of 1832 The Reform Bill of 1867 The Reform Bill of 1884 The People’s Charter The Midlothian Campaign

The first international socialist organization was The National Trade Unions Congress The Fabian Society The International Working Men’s Association The United Socialists Party The World Zionist Organization

In Britain, the political party that made the largest gains in the first decade of the 20 th century was the Conservative Party Liberal Party Labour Party British Union of Fascists Democratic Party

. The nation in which the development of mass politics in 19 th century proceeded most effectively and with the least amount of violence was Britain Russian Austria-Hungary France Germany

In the first decades of the 20 th century, the “nationalities problem” referred to The absence of an international organization to coordinate diplomacy The Anglo-German arms race The rise of ultranationalist parties The agitation of linguistic and ethnic minorities within the Hapsburg Empire The agitation of southern Slavs for independence from the Russian Empire

.. By the 1870’s, most Western European governments had begun to provide all of the following EXCEPT (A) primary schooling for children (B) safety inspection of factories (C) public parks, museums, and libraries (D) municipal water and sewage disposal in urban areas (E) medical and health insurance

By the 19 th century, Europe was Self sufficient in oil production Developing its oil reserves Dependent on foreign oil Exporting oil to other nations.

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By the 19 th century, Europe was Self sufficient in oil production Developing its oil reserves Dependent on foreign oil Exporting oil to other nations.

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Presentation on theme: "By the 19 th century, Europe was Self sufficient in oil production Developing its oil reserves Dependent on foreign oil Exporting oil to other nations."— Presentation transcript:

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