1. Individual Differences
Mgt 4310
Individual Differences
Week 2

2. Objectives Examine how individuals differ in the work place
Explain the competing values framework
Examine why it is important to identify your personal differences and to understand how these differences may affect your employees or you as a manger.

3. Our personal theories determine what we see and how we act

4. Competing Values Framework of Leadership
__________________________________
Human Relations
Open Systems
Rational Goal
Internal Process

5. Internal Process Model
Human Relations Model
Open Systems Model
Focus on employees
-morale
-needs
-openness
Participative decision making
Training
Focus on change
-growing the organization
-innovation
-being responsive
Focus on control systems
-bureaucratic
-tight rules
-centralized control
-documentation
Focus on productivity and efficiency
- lots of planning
-setting goals
-competitiveness
Rational Goal Model
Internal Process Model

6. Competing Values Framework Roles

7. The Positive and Negative Zones

8. Competing Values Model
Greatest strength can be transformed into the greatest weakness
Master managers analyze the situation and balance the competing values

9. Personality Differences
The Big 5:
Extraversion: sociable, friendly
Extraverts versus introverts
Neuroticism: experience negative affect, view the world negatively
Agreeableness – get along well with others

10. Personality Differences
The Big 5:
Conscientiousness: high self-discipline, careful persevering
Open to Experience: broad range of interests, will take risks, open to experience

11. Personality Differences
Locus of Control
Belief in one’s ability to control one’s situation/life
Internals versus Externals
Self-Monitoring
The extent to which one is attuned to/or cares about how one presents one’s self to others

12. Personality Differences
Self-Esteem
Belief in ones abilities and self-worth
Type A and B
Type A’s highly competitive, have a strong sense of urgency, impatient and hostile
Type B’s are more relaxed

13. Personality Differences
McClelland’s Needs
N Ach – Enjoys challenging but not unachievable tasks, likes to set goals and have clear feedback, likes to have control over outcomes
N Aff – Enjoys maintaining good relations with others, sensitive to others feelings
N Pow – Desires to exert influence over others

14. Personality Differences
Skills and abilities
Cognitive Intelligence
Physical Ability
Emotional Intelligence
Understanding and managing one’s own and other’s emotions

15. Task
Drawing on ideas from your pre-meeting assignment, gather together a group of about 5 people and develop a representative list of your perceptions of:
the qualities and skills essential to a manager’s success in today’s business world.