1. The Red Scare

2. Communism in Russia 1917 – Vladimir I. Lenin and the Bolsheviks (“the majority”) overthrows the czarist autocratic regime. 1922 - Bolsheviks emerge victorious over a civil war and establish a Communist government in the Soviet Union. “Vote Democrat! Peace, Land, Bread”

3. The Red Scare Communism – an economic and political system based on a single-party government that would equalize wealth and power, end private property and capitalism. 1919 – A Communist party forms in the US and 70,000 people join. IWW – Industrial Workers of the World

4. May Day – approximately 30 bombs mailed out in late April to prominent politicians, justice officials, and financiers. Carried out by a sect of anarchists following Luigi Galleani Casualties – Table, Hands of housekeeper for Senator Thomas W. Hardwick. Most of the bomb did not reach their destination because of insufficient postage and similar wrappings.

5. The Palmer Raids Attorney General Alexander M. Palmer appoints J. Edgar Hoover a new division: Bureau of Investigation, the General Intelligence Division. A series of raids until 1920, invading homes and offices, jailing suspects without giving them an attorney, beatings and torture, deportations without trial. 3,000+ arrests; 200+ deportations. Result – found 4 ordinary pistols.

6. Sacco and Vanzetti Nicola Sacco – Shoe Maker Bartolomeo Vanzetti – Fish vendor Both Italian, immigrants, and anarchists, evaded draft during WWI. May 1920 – arrested and charged with robbery and murder of a factory paymaster and guard in Massachusetts. A couple witnesses said the criminals seemed to be Italians.

9. Vanzetti had 16 witnesses testify that they had bought fish from him during the robbery. Sacco was in Boston to gain a passport form the Italian consulate. Several friends testified that they were having lunch together during the murder, as did the personnel who was taking care of Sacco’s passport. Found guilty by jury and sentenced to death.

10. Mass protests throughout the US, Europe, and Latin America. August 23, 1927 – both men executed by electric chair. 1961 – one of the bullets were traced to the one’s Sacco was carrying, but witnesses said the victim was shot 4 to 5 times.