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Muscles.

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Presentation on theme: "Muscles."— Presentation transcript:

1 Muscles

2 What you Need to Know 1) Skeletal, 2) Smooth & 3) Cardiac Muscle
Look briefly at the Structure of: 1) Skeletal, 2) Smooth & 3) Cardiac Muscle Naming, Identification, Functions You are only responsible for the identification of ALL muscles which are on your Lab Packet In general: Generates force to move your bones Propel body fluids & ingested food Generate and distribute heat

3 Muscle Specialized for contraction  movement of skeleton or internal organs c) smooth a) skeletal b) cardiac

4 Skeletal Muscle -generally attaches to bone causes movement of skeleton Characteristics: -long & unbranched, tightly packed, parallel cells -multinucleated -striated (striped) -voluntary (conscious control)

5 Cardiac Muscle -muscle of the heart Characteristics:
-1 nucleus per cell -branched cells with mild striations -involuntary (not consciously controlled)

6 Smooth Muscle -movement within internal organs other than the heart (e.g. digestive tract, bladder, arteries, etc.) Characteristics: -tapered cells -single nucleus/cell -no striations -involuntary

7 Observe muscle slides! Use these pictures to quiz yourself!

8 Dense Regular Connective Tissue
-forms tendons (attach muscle to bone) and ligaments (attach bone to bone)                          -fibroblasts in collagen matrix Collagen fibers Fibroblasts

9 Facial Muscles p. 84 Frontalis: raises eyebrows; wrinkles forehead
Temporalis: elevates mandible Orbicularis oculi: closes eye Buccinator: compresses cheek Orbicularis oris: closes and purses lips Masseter: elevates mandible (closes jaw)

10 Facial Muscles Frontalis: raises eyebrows; wrinkles forehead
Temporalis: elevates mandible Orbicularis oculi: closes eye Orbicularis oris: closes and purses lips Buccinator: compresses cheek Masseter: elevates mandible (closes jaw) No equivalent picture in lab manual

11 Sternocleidomastoid -If both contracted flexion of head when both (nod down) -If one contracted rotates head to opposite shoulder

12 Muscles Many muscles form antagonistic muscle pairs
Agonist: muscle that’s causing movement Antagonist: muscle that opposes the agonist An example… During arm flexion: Agonist: Biceps brachii Antagonist: Triceps brachii During arm extension: Agonist: Triceps brachii Antagonist: Biceps brachii

13 Muscles that Move Shoulder
Trapezius: elevates (i.e. raises shoulders) & retracts scapula (i.e. pulls shoulders back) Elevates scapula Retracts scapula

14 Muscles that Move Shoulder Draws scapula downward
No pic in lab manual Pectoralis minor: draws scapula forward & downward (i.e. pulls shoulders down and forward) Draws scapula forward Draws scapula downward

15 Muscles that Move Shoulder
p. 82, 85 Muscles that Move Shoulder Serratus anterior: draws scapula forward (i.e. pulls shoulder forward) Serratus anterior Draws scapula forward

16 Muscles that Move the Upper Arm
Pectoralis major: flexes (moves arm up and forward) & adducts upper arm (moves arm toward the body) Flexes upper arm Adducts upper arm

17 Muscles that Move the Upper Arm
Latissimus dorsi: extends (i.e. moves arm down to the rear) & adducts arm (moves arm toward body) Extends upper arm Adducts upper arm

18 Muscles that Move Upper Arm
Deltoid Deltoid: abducts arm (raises arm up away from the side) Abducts arm

19 Moving the Forearm Biceps brachii: flexes forearm
Brachialis: flexes forearm Flexion of forearm Biceps brachii Brachialis Biceps brachii Brachialis

20 Muscles that Move the Forearm
p. 83, 85 Triceps brachii: extends the forearm extension

21 Flexors & Extensors of Hand
Hand flexor group: flex the hand p , 85 Hand extensor group: extend the hand p

22 Muscles of Abdominal Wall –Movement of Spine
Rectus abdominus: flexes vertebral column

23 Muscles of Abdominal –Moving the spine
Lateral flexion External oblique: compresses abdomen; rotates trunk; lateral flexion Trunk Rotation Internal oblique: compresses abdomen; trunk rotation; lateral flexion No pic Compressing abdomen Transversus abdominis: compresses abdomen No pic

24 Muscles of Chest Wall –Movement of Ribs
Internal intercostals: depresses rib cage during forced expiration External intercostals: elevates rib cage during inspiration No pics Diaphragm: prime mover during inspiration; increases vertical dimension of thorax

25 Muscles of Chest Wall –Movement of Ribs
Internal intercostal External intercostal

26 Muscles that Move the Thigh
Gluteus maximus: extends thigh p. 83, 86

27 Muscles that Move the Thigh
iliopsoas: flexion of thigh Flexion of thigh

28 Muscles that Move the Thigh
Flexion of thigh Tensor fascia latae: flexes & abducts thigh Abducts of thigh

29 Muscles that Move the Thigh
Adductor group: adducts and flexes thigh Adducts of thigh Flexion of thigh

30 Muscles that Move the Thigh
sartorius: flexes & laterally rotates thigh; helps you sit cross-legged Lateral rotation & flexion of thigh

31 Muscles that Move the Thigh
Knee extension Quadriceps femoris group: extends knee Rectus femoris: extends knees and flexes thigh Flexion of thigh

32 Muscles that Move the Lower Leg
Extension of thigh Hamstring group: extends thigh & flexes knee Knee flexion

33 Muscles that Move the Foot
Tibialis anterior: dorisflexes foot Gastrocnemius: plantar flexes foot, flexes knee Soleus: plantar flexes foot

34 Today’s Activities Muscles: Tissue & Histology Muscles: Gross Anatomy
Examine the following slides using the microscope: 1) Skeletal muscle 3) Cardiac muscle 4) Dense regular connective tissue 2) Smooth muscle Muscles: Gross Anatomy Use the models and diagrams in you textbook & lab manual to study locations & actions of the muscles listed on pp Diagrams in textbook = right side; most models = left side Don’t worry about extra muscles described in textbook Don’t worry about extra actions described in textbook Answer questions, fill out diagrams on pp If you get done early, you can go back to the bones, etc. DO NOT leave until you have been excused, or you will be marked absent!!!

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36 Medial View Radial view Medial View-Deep flexors Lateral View Lateral View-Deep extensors Lateral View-Deep shoulder extensors

37 Anterior View Posterior View Lateral View Medial View Plantar surface

38 Search “MuscleandMotion” on YouTube

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