1. Chapter 12
Section 1
(22 Slides) 1

2. The Sui Dynasty 581 – 618 A.D. founded by General Wendi POSITIVE:
Wendi won many battles
Wendi reunited China 2

3. The Sui Dynasty Yangdi Wendi Died Wendi’s son took the throne
POSITIVE:
rebuilt the Great Wall
built the Grand Canal
united & strengthened China’s economy 3

4. The Sui Dynasty Yangdi NEGATIVE:
building projects forced farmers to work on the Great Wall & Grand Canal
people had to pay high taxes for projects
farmers revolted
army takes control & kills Yangdi
Sui Dynasty ends in 618 A.D. 4

5. The Tang Dynasty 618 – 907 A.D. one of Yangdi’s generals took control
Changan = Capital City
rulers tried different reforms to improve China’s government
reform – change intended to bring improvements
used Civil Service Exams 5

6. The Tang Dynasty Emperor Taizong Tang’s most powerful emperor
restored Civil Service Exam
POSITIVE:
gave land to farmers 6

7. The Tang Dynasty Empress Wu only woman to lead China on her own
POSITIVE:
added officials to China’s government
strengthened China’s military forces 7

8. The Tang Dynasty POSITIVE: regained much power in Asia
expanded its territory
controlled Tibet
controlled Silk Road
controlled northern Vietnam
received Tribute from Korea
powerful Economy
at first allowed Buddhism 8

9. The Tang Dynasty NEGATIVE:
later destroyed many Buddhist monasteries & temples (change to mostly Confucianism)
nomadic Turks took over Silk Road
greatly damaged China’s economy
Tibet Revolts
farmers Revolt
disorder Ends the Tang in 907 A.D. 9

10. The Song Dynasty
960 – 1279
general declares himself emperor & sets up Song Dynasty
official Belief System = neo-Confucianism
used Civil Service Exams
POSITIVE:
economic Prosperity
cultural Achievements 10

11. The Song Dynasty NEGATIVE: not enough soldiers to control vast empire
Tibet broke away from China
nomads took over much of northern China
forced to move capital to Hangzhou
corruption in government
wealthy merchants failed to pay taxes
Mongols end the rule of Song 11

12. CHINESE BUDDHISM early Tang rulers – religious tolerance
allowed Buddhism to be practiced
supported building of temples
monks & nuns lived in monasteries
ran schools
provided rooms & food for travelers
served as bankers
provided medical care 12

13. OPPOSITION TO BUDDHISM
wrong to accept donations
monks & nuns weakened respect for family life (not allowed to marry)
Tang officials feared growing power
enemy of Chinese traditions
destroyed temples & monasteries (A.D. 845)
Buddhism never recovered 13

14. KOREA A.D. 200 Divided into three kingdoms
lasted several hundred years
A.D. 300 Buddhism brought to Korea
A.D. 660 united into one country
government supported Buddhism
grew stronger 14

15. JAPAN legend over time, won many followers
a Korean king writes to Japan’s emperor
“…most excellent of all teachings”
sent statue of Buddha
over time, won many followers 15

16. CONFUCIANISM system of beliefs introduced by Confucius “great thinker”
taught people needed to have a sense of duty to family & community in order to bring peace to society
good government depended on wise leaders
Civil service exams product of Confucian ideas 16

17. CONFUCIANISM fall of Han Dynasty no national government
no civil service examinations
Confucianism lost support
Buddhism wins many followers
spiritual message
Tang & Song rulers bring Confucianism back into favor 17

18. NEO-CONFUCIANISM new kind of Confucianism
created to reduce Buddhism’s popularity
taught life in this world just as important as the afterlife
followers expected to
take part in life
help others
criticized Buddhist ideas
picked up some Buddhist & Daoist beliefs
Daoist – people should turn to nature & give up worldly concerns 18

19. NEO-CONFUCIANISM To many Chinese, Confucianism…
became a religion about spiritual world
taught followers …
would find peace of mind
live in harmony with nature
Song Dynasty supported neo-Confucianism
adopted as official philosophy, or belief system 19

20. SCHOLAR-OFFICIALS bureaucracy based on merit system
people accepted for what they can do
not on their riches or personal contacts
civil service examinations
used to hire government officials
tested knowledge of Confucian writings
only men allowed to take tests
only rich could afford to have sons study for the tests
passing tests difficult
only one in five passed
those who failed never given government job
found jobs helping officials or taught 20

21. SCHOLAR-OFFICIALS
examination system created a new wealthy class made up of scholar-officials
strict rules set them apart from society
no physical work
students taught to never use their hands except for painting or writing 21

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