1. The Fuselage and Empennage4 2 . 1
The Fuselage and Empennage

2. The Airplane
An airplane is defined by the Canadian Air Regulations as being a “power driven, heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces that remain fixed under given conditions of flight”.

3. Airplanes may be classified according to:
Position and number of wings in relation to the fuselage,
The number of engines, and
The undercarriage configuration.

4. The essential components of an aircraft are:
Fuselage,
Wings or lifting surfaces,
Tail section or empennage,
Propulsion system, and
Landing gear or undercarriage

5. The Fuselage
The part that makes up the central body of the airplane, designed to accommodate the crew, passengers and cargo. Almost all other parts of the aircraft are attached to the fuselage.

6. Classification of Fuselage
Truss Type
Consist of tubes (wood or metal) that are usually welded or bolted together. The longerons are the principle member of the truss that run lengthwise. They are braced, or held together, by vertical or diagonal members to form the frame.

7. Classification of Fuselage
Monocoque
A series of rounded formers / bulkheads held together by stringers. The formers and bulkheads carry most of the load of the structure. The skin that covers the fuselage is capable of carrying some of the load.

8. NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

9. Theory of Flight The Fuselage and Empennage
Let's try a few review questions on Theory of Flight:
Question #1 - What are the longerons the principle member of? A
Landing gear B
Truss type fuselage C
Monocoque type fuselage D
Former type fuselage

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13. Flying Scholarship Program
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14. Theory of Flight The Fuselage and Empennage
Let's try a few review questions on Theory of Flight:
Question #2 - An airplane is defined by CAR as being a “power driven, heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces that remain fixed under given conditions of flight”. T
True F
False

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17. Empennage
Attached on the rear of the fuselage is the tail group called the empennage.
Horizontal Stabilizer
a fixed, non-movable horizontal section of the tail plane
Elevator
a moveable section of the tail group, hinged to the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizer
Fin
a fixed vertical section of the tail group placed in the center of the horizontal stabilizer and elevator

18. Empennage Rudder Canard Stabilator
a moveable vertical section of the tail group hinged to the rear of the fin
Canard
some modern aircraft have replaced the tail section with a canard - a horizontal stabilizer assembly is located at the front of the airplane
Stabilator
a single airfoil section that replaces the combination of stabilizer and elevator. It is attached to the fuselage at a point around which it pivots.

19. NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

20. Theory of Flight The Fuselage and Empennage
Let's try a few review questions on Theory of Flight:
Question #3 - What name is given to the moveable section of the tail, hinged to the trailing edge of the horizontal stabilizer? A
Horizontal stabilizer B
Vertical stabilizer C
Elevator D
Rudder

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24. Flying Scholarship Program
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25. Theory of Flight The Fuselage and Empennage
Let's try a few review questions on Theory of Flight:
Question #4 - Name a moveable surface of the tail section. A
Horizontal Stabilizer B
Vertical Stabilizer C
Fin D
Rudder

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29. Flying Scholarship Program
That answer is correct.
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30. Theory of Flight The Fuselage and Empennage Congratulations!!
You have now completed the The Fuselage and Empennage lesson of the Theory of Flight Module. Of course, this lesson is always available to you for future reference if required.
You are now ready to move along to the next Theory of Flight lesson you have not completed or to any other module you wish. You can advance to the Self Test Module if you feel ready to challenge the final exam.
Good Luck!