1. —used as an adjective or adverb Grammar and usage 江苏省淮安中学周立满

2. 一、 The -ing form — used as Attribute （ -ing 形式作定语） These female pigs are cloned. So we call them ______pigs These female pigs are cloned. So we call them pigs________________ that/which are cloned cloned

3. The kidnappers were using a ______car. (steal) The name ________in the letter was unknown to me. （ mention) The firemen were rescuing the people _____ in the fire. (trap) stolen mentioned trapped Scientific experiments which are carried out by students can be dangerous. Scientific experiments ____________by students can be dangerous. carried out

4. A few verb-eds before nouns can express past meanings instead of passive meanings. boiling water 比较 boiled water fallen trees/ leaves escaped animals a retired president a lost envelope falling leaves an escaping criminal a retiring president 比较

5. We can also put an adverb or something else before a verb-ed to form a compound verb-ed form. 广泛运用的技术 训练有素的工人 手写的信件 欠发达地区 受过良好教育的市民 倍受尊敬的教授 a widely-used technique well –trained workers hand-written letters underdeveloped regions well-educated citizens a well-respected professor

6. Rewrite the following sentences with verb-ed form. I think cloning that is done by scientists is dangerous. The problems that are created by cloning will be clear. I think cloning done by scientists is dangerous. The problems created by cloning will be clear.

7. We don’t want beasts that are created by scientists to replace us one day. The only thing that is needed is a cell from your old pet. We don’t want beasts created by scientists to replace us one day. The only thing needed is a cell from your old pet.

8. 二． The verb-ed form can also be used as predicative of a sentence. eg. My grandfather was delighted to hear I had passed exams The problem stayed ______________after 3 days’ discussion. (unsettle) unsettled 注意： get verb+ed.de 结构 eg. get paid/injured/hurt……. As we joined the big crowd I got _________ from my friends. （ 01 全国）（ A ） A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed

9. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ______ before the party. （ 04 全国 I ） A get changed B get change C get changing D get to change 工人们都是按月计酬的 Mary 终于从那次受伤中恢复过来了 Workers get paid by the month. Mary finally got recovered from the injury. We need to further discuss the problem __unsolved. A. remainedB. to remain C. remainingD. to be remained

10. 三． The verb-ed form can be used as object complement of a sentence. eg. 1). As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself __________. (understand) 2). I ________________________ yesterday. ( 寄信） 3). You must make yourself ＿＿＿＿ when you talk in front of the class. （ hear) 4). After the robbery, they found the windows ________.(break) 5). You mustn’t make the secret between us ________to the public. (know) understood had my letter delivered heard broken known

11. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year. A ． carry out B ． carrying out C ． carried out D ． to carry out Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. (2004 高考广西卷 ) A.making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

12. 四． The verb-ed form can be used as adverbial of a sentence to express 1). Time When taken to the hospital, the boy began to cry Seen from the space, the earth looks blue. When he was taken to the hospital, the boy began to cry When it is seen from space, the earth looks blue.

13. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when___ at the meeting by my boss. （ 04 全国 IV ） A questioningB have questioned C questionedD to be questioned introduce When first_____________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. When first ____________myself to my parents- in-law, I felt a bit nervous. introduced introducing Whenever I am in trouble, I will lock myself alone at home, always _______________myself many whys. (question) questioning

14. 2). Reason Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper. Because he was shocked by the article, the woman….. Digitally _________ (record) in the studio, the disc can carry much more information than normal ones. recorded Because it was digitally recorded in the studio, the disc….

15. 1). ＿＿＿＿ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. （ 04 辽宁） 2). _______a large number of people, the show was indeed a great success. A ． Attracting B ． Attracted C ． To be attracted D ． Having attracted B A

16. 3). Condition Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts. If it is treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts. If it is taken three times a day, the medicine will work better. Taken three times a day, the medicine will work better. _____ time, he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. A. Having givenB. To give C. GivingD. Given

18. This is so________ a lesson that so many students are _______of it. (bore) 相似动词总结： tire/disappoint/move/exciting/frustrate/touch satisfy/amaze/convince/encourage/exhaust… ….. boring bored

19. an interesting crosstalk 有趣的相声 Because of interesting performances given by Fenggong and Niuqun, I have become interested in crosstalk.

20. We use verb-ing forms to describe someone/something that causes certain feelings, and they are usually active in meaning; while we use verb-ed forms to say how we feel about someone or something, and they are usually passive in meaning as they describe how someone/something is affected by an action. 小结：

21. This is an ____________win over the best team in this region. (encourage) He was so _____________in this exam that his instructor was ____________.(disappoint) They were all ______________(move) by the ____________story. (touch) With so many ________evidences, the police are now _________that he has committed the crime. (convince) encouraging disappointing disappointed moved touching convincing convinced

22. Mr. Smith,_____ of the_____ speech, started to read a novel. （ 03 北京春季） A ． tired; boringB ． tiring; bored C ． tired; boredD ． tiring; boring

23. 六． A verb-ed can follow a verb, such as stand, sit and lie when the two actions are happening at the same time or it can be used on its own or followed by an adjective /adverbial.( 伴随状语） She lay trapped under the building for three days. She lay there and was trapped. 改写： The pop-star stood there and was surrounded by his fans for half an hour. The pop-star stood surrounded by his fans for half an hour.

24. After his journey front abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _____ A.exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted She left the restaurant, disappointed. She left the restaurant and was disappointed. 他度假回家，累的要死 He arrived back home from vacation, dead tired.

25. 几个特殊的过去分词的运用： lost /given/dressed/seated lost: I can not find my lost wallet. When he came into my room, I was lost in thought. He is not understood by his friends, so he often sits alone,feeling extremely lost given: 鉴于，考虑到 ; 指定的, 规定的 Given his health, we will have to send for a doctor. Given more time, I will do the job better. We are to finish the task at the given time 相当于 considering

26. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. （ 2000 北京春季） A.Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given _____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （ 05 湖南卷） A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

27. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____as the plane was making a landing. （ 04 上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating ________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05 江苏卷 ) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing