1. Language Points （Ⅱ） Grammar in Unit 5

2. The –ing form as the Adverbial 动词 -ing 作状语 V-ing 作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与 谓语表示的动作或状态时同时或几乎同时发生的，或 是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一 致。 V-ing 作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、 伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。 I was feeling tired, I went to bed early. I worked hard all day. I went to bed early. Feeling tired, I went to bed early. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.

3. 作时间状语 Walking along the street, I met Mary. (=While I was walking along the street, … ) Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 作原因状语 Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. (=Because I was tired, … ) Not knowing her address, we couldn ’ t get in touch with her. 由于不知道她的地址，我们无法和她联系。 听到这个消息时， 他们都高兴地跳了起来。

4. 作条件状语 Turning to the left, you will find the school. (=If you turn the left, … ) If you work hard, you'll succeed. =Working hard, you'll succeed. 作让步状语 1. Working hard as he did, he was still unable to support the whole family. 2. Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. =Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.

5. 作伴随状语 1. I stood there, waiting for her. (= …, and waited for her.) 2. Following Mike, they started to climb. 3. The children laughed and talked merrily, and they ran out of the room. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily. 那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。

6. 如果 V-ing 表示的动作发生在句子谓语之前， 则要用 V-ing 的完成式，即是： Having +P.P( 过去分词 ) …, 主语 + 谓语 1. After she had finished her work, she went home. 2. As we have invited him here to speak, we ’ d better go to his lecture. V-ing 形式的完成式 Having finish her work, she went home. Having invited him here to speak, we ’ d better go to his lecture.

7. Exercises 1. _____ the championship, he was awarded a million dollars. A. Won B. Winning C. Having won D. Being won 2. ______ only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well. A. Had B. Have C. Having D. To have 3. I saw a lot of children playing in the garden most of them _____ girls. A. are B. being C. were D. having

8. 4. The old man could not sleep at night, his wrongs _____ him no peace. A. gave B. give C. being giving D. giving 5. The decision _____, what is to be done now is how to carry it out. A. made B. has been made C. having being made D. being made 6. ____ in the queen for half an hour, I suddenly realized that I had left my wallet at home. A. To wait B. Waiting C. Having waited D. To have waited

9. 7. “We can’t go out in this winter,” said Ted, ____ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 8. Finding her car stolen, _____. A. a police was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a police for help 9. _____ a reply, he decided to write again. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received

10. 10. ____ the room, I found the recorder stolen. A. Entering B. To enter C. Enters D. Entered 11. “What on earth have you done?” mother said _____ to the broken vase on the ground. A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing 12. _____ by car, we visited many places. A. Travel B. Traveling C. To travel D. Having travelled