1. Cells Unit Test Review Answers

2. What is the function (job) of the chloroplasts?
To use light energy, water, and carbon dioxide to make food (called photosynthesis).

3. What is the function (job) of the central vacuole?
It stores water and other substances.
What is the function (job) of the cell wall?
It protects a plant cell from attack by viruses and other harmful organisms, maintains the cell’s shape, and gives structural support.

4. What is the function (job) of the mitochondria?
It is the place in a cell where energy is released so the cell can grow and divide.

5. How does the shape of a plant cell differ from that of an animal cell?
A plant cell is shaped like a box, with straight sides. An animal cell is more rounded.
What is the function (job) of the flagella?
The flagella allows the cell to move.
Which organelle makes ribosomes?
The nucleolus makes ribosomes.

6. Which organelle has most of the genes that control the cell?
The nucleus has the genes.
What is smallest unit that can perform the basic activities of life?
The cell is the smallest unit.
What did Van Leeuwenhoek use to see live cells?
He used a microscope.
What is the protective covering that encloses (surrounds) every cell?
The cell membrane.

7. What is the function (job) of the cell membrane?
It is a flexible covering that protects the inside of a cell from the environment outside.
What is an example of a prokaryotic organism?
Bacteria
Which organelles are found ONLY in plant cells?
Central vacuole, chloroplasts, cell wall
Which organelles are found ONLY in animal cells?
Lysosome

8. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, giving 5 examples.
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Both
Have DNA
Have cell membrane
Have cytoplasm
Have ribosomes
Has organelles
Has a nucleus
No organelles
No nucleus

9. In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
The chloroplast
Where is genetic information found in a prokaryote?
It is floating in the cytoplasm.
What controls what enters and leaves the cell?
The cell membrane controls what enters and leaves the cell.

10. The specimen must NOT be alive.
20. Compound light microscopes and electron microscopes are used in different ways. List at least 3 differences between the two microscopes.
Compound light:
The specimen may be alive.
The specimen must be thin enough for light to pass through it.
The image can be enlarged up to 1,500 times its original size.
Electron
The specimen must NOT be alive.
The image can be enlarged up to 100,000 times its original size.

11. Identify which organelle or cell part listed below is in plant cells, animal cells, or both with YES or NO.
Cell Part
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
cell membrane
Yes
cell wall No
central vacuole
chloroplast
cytoplasm