1. Endocrine & Lymphatic Systems LAB 6

2. Major Endocrine Glands

3. Endocrine Glands Within the Brain

4. Pineal Gland Hypothalamus Pituitary Stalk Pituitary Gland -Anterior -Posterior

5. 3. Sphenoid Bone Sella Turcica (Turkish Saddle) = Houses Pituitary gland

6. Pituitary gland Hormones Anterior Growth Hormone (GH) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) Luteinizing hormone (LH) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Prolactin (PRL) Posterior Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Oxytocin (OT)

7. Anterior Pituitary Hormones 1.GH – stimulates cell growth & division 2.TSH – Stimulates thyroid gland 3.ACTH – Stimulates adrenal cortex 4.FSH/LH- Stimulates ovaries & testes 5.PRL – stimulates lactation in mammary glands

8. Posterior Pituitary Hormones 1.ADH – Promotes water reabsorption by kidneys 2.Oxytocin- Stimulates uterine contractions

9. Pineal gland Secretes hormone melatonin – Regulates circadian rhythm (sleep/wake cycle)

10. Thyroid Gland Larynx Models

11. Larynx Model Posterior View Parathyroid Glands

12. 1.T3 & T4 = increases metabolism 2.Calcitonin = promotes bone deposition Removes Calcium from blood Thyroid Gland Hormones: Parathyroid Gland Hormones: 1.Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) = Promotes bone resorption Increases blood

13. Adrenal Glands Kidney Ovaries

14. Adrenal Gland medulla Cortex

15. Adrenal Medulla Epinephrine (adrenaline) & Norepinephrine “Fight or Flight” hormones Stress Response Adrenal Cortex (Steroid Hormones) Aldosterone: Increases sodium reabsorption by kidneys Cortisol: Gluconeogenesis Glucose synthesis from noncarbohydrates Sex Hormones: supplement gonads Kidneys Erythropoietin Stimulates RBC production

16. Pancreas

17. Pancreatic islets (Isets of Langerhans) Alpha Cells Beta Cells Glucagon Insulin Delta CellsSomatostatin

19. Pancreas hormones Glucagon: Raises blood glucose – Gluconeogenesis – Glycogenolysis breakdown of glycogen into glucose Insulin: Lowers blood glucose – Promotes cellular uptake of glucose

20. Thymus Secretes Thymosin: Promotes T-cell maturation

21. Ovaries – secretes estrogen/progesterone Testes – secretes testosterone Estrogen, Progesterone, and Testosterone = steroid hormones

25. Thoracic Duct Left Subclavian vein

26. Right Lymphatic Duct Right Subclavian Vein

27. Cervical Lymph nodes

28. Axillary Lymph nodes

29. Inguinal Lymph Nodes Abdominal (Mesenteric) Lymph Nodes

30. Supratrochlear Lymph Nodes

31. Thoracic Lymph Nodes

32. Tonsils

33. Appendix Thought to serve as a lymphatic organ

34. Thymus gland & Spleen Thymus gland – Development of T lymphocytes Spleen – removes viruses, bacteria, and old RBC from circulation

35. Lymph Node Slide medulla Nodule Cortex Cortex = Nodules of B-Cell lymphocytes Medulla = T-Cell Lymphocytes & Macrophages

36. Spleen Red Pulp – Composed of red blood cells White Pulp – Composed of white blood cells White Pulp Red Pulp