2. Non-Verbal Language English Language and Soft Skill Classes Day 13 Vipul R. Solanki

3. Communication is an exchange or sharing of information between sender and receiver. The sharing of information may be done in two ways/modes: Verbal mode of communication Non verbal mode of communication

4. Non Verbal Communication

5. What do these pictures suggest?

6. Which is the correct statement ? 1Two men 2Two women 3 Girl and boy4Man and woman

7. Sign The signs speak as the traffic signs.

8. Previous The signs speak as the direction signs in shopping malls.

9. Non verbal Communication Even if you are standing still and not looking at anyone or talking you are still communicating.

10. “One that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret. If one’s lips are silent he chats with his fingertips; betrayal oozes out of him/her at every pore.” - Sigmund Freud Ooze: exclude Pore: the tiny holes on the body

12. Our body constantly passes messages. If the receiver can read these message, he/she can understand the sender and his/her messages in more depth. In the same way, not only words but the way words are spoken, the tone of the speaker, the way of expression, the quality of voice carry meaning with them. these many things with the verbal message give intensity to meaning.

13. Non verbal Communication Nonverbal communications (NVC) is usually understood as the process of communication through sending and receiving wordless messages irrespective of oral or written form of communication. It is a form of communication that occurs without the use of words either in written or spoken form.

14. Becoming sensitive to the clues of body language can help us: We can communicate more effectively with students. We can understand what students are saying even when they are not talking. We can sense when students are silent and digesting information, or when they are silent and confused. We can share feelings too strong or too difficult to be expressed in words. We can decode secret messages passing silently from person to person. And we may spot contradictions between what students say and what they really mean. Finally, we can learn to be more sensitive to our own bodies – to see how they express our feelings and to see ourselves as others see us.

15. As the verbal language is made up of:  Grammar  vocabulary etc, in the same way, the non-verbal language is also made of different aspects known as the modes of non-verbal language. The modes of non verbal language in oral or face to face communication are: Kinesics (personal appearance, posture, gesture, facial expression, eye contact etc.), Proxemics, Paralinguistic Aspects, Touch(haptic communication), Smell, etc. in oral or face to face communication Aspects of Non-Verbal language in oral or face to face communication:

16.  Written messages are also made up of verbal and non verbal signals like the various signs and symbols given in text as, Full stop(.), Comma(,), Semicolon(;), Single inverted comma(‘’), Double inverted comma(“”), Bold – italic, Colour letters, Points, Paragraph, Title, Subtitle etc. Aspects of Non verbal language of Written Communication

17. Communication Only 7 % of the message is passed with the help of words while 38 % of the message through style and 55 % through body language.

18. In case one is lacking in a particular language, at that time also nonverbal language becomes helpful for communication.

20. As the different situations demand different use of language differently in the same way, different situations demand different/specific appearances also.

23. The people belong to different professions are identified from their dress code like a teacher, politician, farmer, businessman etc. The man dress code differs from that of female. The married and unmarried people also sometimes can be identified from their dress codes as the Hindu married woman. The particular way of clothing, hair style, jewelry, cosmetics etc. make the dress code or personal appearance.

24. Today the dress code is not used only to fulfill the basic needs but to express oneself more effectively. The communication is initiated with observation first and in that way personal appearance performs an important role. Appearance communicates how we feel about ourselves and how we want to be viewed. First impression is last impression. The Indians are identified from their dress codes and like that any other person across the world.

25. Kinesics - Posture

34. The way we hold ourselves when we stand, sit and walk. In front of the receivers/audience it should be in an appropriate way. Because of nervousness, confusion, lack of confidence, adverse situation sometimes people can not hold themselves appropriately. They may be pacing constantly, bobbing their shoulders, fidgeting with notes, remaining static only etc. Communication with somebody familiar becomes more unconscious and natural. While it becomes more conscious and sophisticated when we are communicating with somebody unfamiliar.

35. Standing, siting and walking in a relaxed wayPositive postureSlumped postureLow spirit Erect postureHigh spirit energy and confident Lean forwardDefensive or distinctive Crossed armsDefensive and not ready to listen Uncrossed armsWillingness to listen

36. Kinesics - Gesture

44. The movements made by hands, arms, shoulders, head and torso. It should be in accordance of verbal message. To play with keychain or button, to point a pen or finger in nose, mouth or hair may spoil our image. Gestures clarify our ideas and reinforce them.There are as many 7,00,000 varied hand gestures only.

45. Kinesics - Facial Expression

51. Face is the most impressive and identical part of our body.Smiley faceFriendliness A frown faceDiscontent, feeling of being unhappy Raised eyebrowDisbeliefTightened jaw musclesAntagonism

52. Kinesics - Eye Contact

55. Eyes are considered to be the windows of the soul. Eye contact is direct and powerful form of nonverbal communication. Looking directly into the eyes of the listener builds rapport. Prolonging the eye contact for three seconds or more seconds without staring shows that you are determined, sincere and true. Arabs, Latin Americans, South EuropeansLook directly into eyes Asians, Africans Less eye contact

56. Proxemics ( Space/Distance)

57. Proxemics The distance, physical space between speaker and listener/s. The way people use space says lot about them. The professional setting of space is used to show power and status like king-queen and court, the Head and the chamber and the principal and the office etc.

60. Our gestures should be in accordance with the space. Moving closer to the audience is useful to invite for discussion, for expression, agreement, to emphasize the point etc. Like kinesics, proxemics also has its own cultural variation. Latin Americans and French--- Likely to stand closer Americans, Indians etc. don’t like close contacts in public places.

61. Four forms of proxemics/ space/ distance

62. Proxemics - Intimate

63. Starts with personal touch and extends to 18 eaches. It takes place among/between members of a family, spouse, lovers, relatives, and parents. Mother-child relationship.No words are spoken only whispering. Hand sake, a pat on the back, a hug, to sympathize etc. are its forms.

64. Proxemics - Personal Extends form 18 inches to 4 feet Takes place with close friend, colleague, peers etc. Instead of whispering, small utterances, silence normal talking takes place. It permits spontaneous and programed communication It gives the impression of friendliness and warmth.

66. Proxemics - Social Extends from 4 feet to 12 feet. Here relationships are more officials. People tend to become more formal. The number of people and their relationship decides what would be the physical form of communication like sitting, standing, sitting- standing.

71. Proxemics - Public Extends form 12 feet to 30 feetPrimarily in formal eventsThe degree of detachment is very highHigh voice or use of micro phones

73. The distance also shows the mood, relationship and degree of formality bitween the two parties.

74. Paralinguistic Aspects (Vocal Cues)

75. Quality Volume Rate Pitch Articulation Pronunciation Pauses Writing does not have that immediate effect because the words are static on a page. While voice gives extra life to our delivery of message. Therefore lets try to understand the characteristic /nuances of voice like : Our voice is our trademark; it is that part of ourselves that adds human touch to our words.

76. Quality of Voice The quality of the voice of non human beings and human beings The male-female voice quality The quality of the voice of a two years old kid, twelve years old child, twenty-two years old adult and thirty two years old elder. From the quality of voice only, we can distinguish the human being and non human beings. Each one of us has a unique voice quality. The voice quality of an a person can not be changed but can be trained.

77. Volume Volume is the loudness or the softness of the voice. Volume should be as per the requirement of the situation and as per the demand of the communication set-up. If the place is large and open, the volume should be high. If the place is small and enclosed, then volume should be low. Sometimes because of the confusion, depression, adverse circumstances the volume unconsciously goes high or low. One can improve the voice and speaking style by reading aloud.

78. Pace/Rate Rate is the speed of speaking. The number of words one speaks per minute. The normal rate of speaking is from 120 to 150 words per minute. To speak too slowly gives the impression of monotonous and dull speaker though the content of the speech may be highly interesting. A fast speaker also causes discomfort because the listener do not get time to grasp the thoughts and switch from one thought to another.

79. Pitch Pitch refers to the number of vibrations per second of our chords. The rise and fall of the voice conveys various emotions. The pitch discriminates the voice of male from the voice of female and in the same way voices of other categories that we have seen earlier. The utterance of ‘Thank you’.The vocal chords.

80. Articulation ‘How to speak’ is the articulation. We should be careful not to slur, chop, truncate, or omit sounds between words or sentences. If all sounds are not uttered properly, the flow of understanding gets interrupted. For example better to say ‘I don’t know’ and ‘I want to go’ instead of ‘I dunno’ and ‘I wanna go’

81. Pronunciation To speak(Pronounce) sounds in a way that is generally accepted. The pronunciation may vary from reason to reason but prefer the standard pronunciation pattern. Refer good dictionary standardize pronunciation pattern.

82. Voice Modulation Voice modulation pertains to the way we regulate, vary, or adjust the tone pitch, and volume of the sound or speaking voice. Modulation of the voice brings flexibility and helps to express our emotions and sentiments more effectively. Without modulation voice becomes flat.

83. You don’t know me. (Assertive) You don’t know me! (Exclamation) You don’t know me? (Interrogative) You don’t know me! (Exclamation) You don’t know me? (Interrogative) You don’t know me! (Exclamation) You don’t know me? (Exclamation)

84. Pauses A pause is short silence in our speech. A pause gives a chance/time to the listener to think and comprehend the message. Pause also indicates a change in the point or topic while speaking. Pauses should be natural and not artificially prolonged.

85. Thank You!!!

86. Haptic Communication (Touch)

87. Haptic relates to ‘Touch’ Originated from ‘Heptesthai’ Haptic Technology is an immerging concept in today’s era as the example of Touch Screen Touch is often intimate and can be used as an act of domination or friendship, depending on the context and who is touching who, how and when. Young children and old people use more touching than people in the middle years. Touch provides a direct contact with the other person. This varies greatly with the purpose and setting.

88. Professional Some jobs require that the other person is touched in some way, very typically by people in the medical profession or other caring jobs. Punishment Touch can be negative as well as positive and a slap or a punch sends a very strong message (that may well get the message sender into very deep trouble!). Greeting Touching is a common part of many greeting rituals, from shaking hands to cheek-kissing to full-body hugs. Such communication is highly ritualized and can contain subtle symbolism. For example clasping the other person for a fraction of a second longer than normal can send such different signals as affection and domination. Guiding When a person is physically moving, a touch on the body, usually the back, shoulder or arm can guide them in the right direction.

89. Gaining attention When you touch another person who is talking or otherwise engaged elsewhere, they are very likely to turn their attention to you. Touching here is very much in safe areas, such as the arm or shoulder. Saying their name at the same time reinforces strongly this move. Sympathy When we are distressed, we will often appreciate the touch of another as a parent, providing physical comfort. The degree of touch in such circumstances varies greatly with the relationship, ranging from a gentle touch on the arm to an arm around the shoulder to a full- body hug. Friendship Touching is often a part of friendship and demonstrates closeness. Friends will walk close together and occasionally bump into one another. They will touch more during greeting and may spontaneously touch one another during communication. Arousal Touch is also used during sexual arousal, where certain sensitive parts of the body are caressed and stimulated.

90. So what? So think carefully when you touch and use it for purpose. Touching can show friendship and can also be seen as a dominative act. Use it accordingly and understand how it is interpreted.