1. Grammar Unit 7 - Prepositional Phrases
A preposition is a word that shows a relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other word in a sentence.
Prepositional Phrase = the preposition, its object, and any other modifiers
The Object of a preposition is the noun or the pronoun that follows a preposition
Try It Out
Identify the prepositional phrase and underline the object of the preposition.
for my brother and me
1. He waited for my brother and me.
2. Tyrone took a tour through the museum with us.
3. We studied a model of a dinosaur in one exhibit.
4. It had been discovered by a scientist and a historian.
through the museum with us
of a dinosaur in one exhibit
by a scientist and a historian

2. Grammar Unit 7 - Prepositional Phrases
Adjective Phrases = describes a noun or a pronoun (it answers questions like: what kind? or which one?) adjective phrases come after the words they modify.
Example: The door to the building is locked.
what kind?
Which one?
Try It Out
The prepositional phrase is underlined. What noun/pronoun does each adjective phrase modify?
Our relatives from China hosted a party.
Many guests with international backgrounds attended.
We brought old photos of friends and family.
Some guests in traditional costume sang folk songs.
relatives
guests
photos
guests

3. Grammar Unit 7 - Prepositional Phrases
Adverb Phrases = modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs (they can tell how, where or when)
HOW?
Example: Sue ran toward the lake.
WHERE?
When?
Try It Out
The prepositional phrases are underlined. What word does each adverb phrase modify?
On weekends my sister works until noon.
She works at a television station.
Animals perform for television audiences.
An eager dog leaped high over the boxes.
A frisky dog played beneath the hot studio lights
works
works
perform
leaped
played

4. Grammar Unit 7 - Prepositional Phrases
Preposition OR Adverb???
Most words that are used as prepositions can also be used as adverbs. If the word stands alone, it is an adverb. If that same word begins a prepositional phrase, it is a preposition.
Try It Out
Is the underlined word a preposition or an adverb?
preposition
Susie walked by the empty house.
She opened the front door and looked inside.
Susie went inside a quiet room.
I followed her in.
Old, broken furniture stood in every corner.
adverb
preposition
adverb
preposition

5. Grammar Unit 7 - Prepositional Phrases
Using Prepositions Correctly
Using in and into correctly. If you are in a place, you are already there. When you go from the outside to the inside, you are going into a place.
Do not use of as a verb or helping verb.
Example: (wrong) We could of seen more.
(right) We could have seen more.
Try It Out
Which words are correct?
John James Audubon (must of, must have) been a genius.
Audubon painted birds (in, into) natural settings.
He would go (in, into) the woods to look for them.
He (must of, must have) been very interested in birds.
His pictures almost (could of, could have) come to life.
must have in
into
must have
could have