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The role of scientific information in sustainable Development: Focus in Latin America João Vianei Soares Director for earth observations
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Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE
Who we are... Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE 03/08/61 Dec. No Creates the Organizing Committee of the National Space Activities (GOCNAE). 22/04/71 Dec. No Extinguishes GOCNAE and creates the National Institute for Space Research (INPE)
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INPE headquaters, 2004, São José dos Campos, SP
46 years in 2007
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Where we are: our national instalations
INPE – Cachoeira Paulista – SP Remote Sensing Data Center CPTEC Combustion and Propulsion Lab
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How many... Aprox employees (300 PhD, 400 MsC and Engineers, 200 Technicians, 400 staff) Aprox. 350 researchers, fellowships, Contractors 600 graduate students in 6 programs
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INPE’s mission Brazil due to be an environmental world leader of 21th century (Rubens Ricupero) INPE to be one of the producers of the required science and to offer singular products and services to the benefit of mankind
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INPE’s mission Quality products and unique services
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Examples of singular products for police making and society information...
DETER Pará 2005
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Nossa missão: surpreender a sociedade!
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Pollution from burning and urban-industrial emissions
Large scale regional scale Mega citiess
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DATA INTO KNOWLEDGE SATELLITES SOIL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND MODELING
Earth Observation, outer space and communications missions SOIL SYSTEMS Control, reception, processing and distribuition of spatial data ANALYSIS AND MODELING Space Science and Earth System Science Access to Knowledge Innovative Products to society
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Are extreme events becoming more frequent?
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Stronger El Niños? Photo: Juca Martins
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When will a new hurricane hit Brasil?
Catarina Hurricane (mars/2004) Imagem NASA
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Which science? what tools?
Process Modeling and supercomputing…
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Weather and Climate Forecast
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Weather Forecast Discussions SX6 SCD1 SCD2 Bulletins PCD
Weather forecast models Bulletins PCD Satellite Imagery
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Sazonal Forecast CLIMATE DISCUSSION Supercomputer + models
Sea surface temperature Supercomputer + models CLIMATE DISCUSSION Vegetation Index
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Changes in temperature in Brazil for year 2050
Climate change Supercomputer + models CO2 emissions Changes in temperature in Brazil for year 2050 B1-low Temperature oC A2-high Temperature anomaly
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Annual Pecipitation Anomaly anual [(2071-2100)- (1961-90)] mm/dia
dry dry dry dry B2 A2 Annual temperature anomaly [( )- ( )] oC hot hot B2 A2
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Average temperature rose 0,7 C in the last 50 years!
Tmin rose nearly 1 oC
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Increase in precipitation in the south of Brasil (1951-2002)
What caused increase in Precipitation: Natural variability or global warming?
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Impacts on Agriculture
Decrease of the potential producing area as temperature increases from 1 to 5.8oC 6000 corn 5000 beans 4000 Potential Area (1000 km2) Rice 3000 2000 Soybeans 1000 Coffee Atual T + 1ºC T + 3 ºC T + 5,8 ºC Increase in average temperature Source: Eduardo Assad, Embrapa
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Green forest savanization: reaching a new equilibrium biome-clima?
Fate of Amazon Biomes? 2000 2100 floresta savana caatinga campos deserto Green forest savanization: reaching a new equilibrium biome-clima? source: Oyama and Nobre, 2003
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Deforestation forecast on BR 319 (Manaus-Porto Velho) in 2020 with protection areas (governace)
ALAP BR 319 Novas áreas de proteção integral Diferenças no desflorestamento: Estradas pavimentadas em 2010 Diminuição: 0.0 -0.50 Estradas não pavimentadas Novas áreas de uso sustentável Rios principais Aumento: 0.0 0.10
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TerraCrime: Free Software for public security
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The Paraná river basin and sub-basins
Paranaíba Paraná Rio Grande Alto Paraguai Tiête Paranapanema Iguaçu The Paraná river basin and sub-basins
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www.cptec.inpe.br 27/03/2004 – 51500 25/05/2005 – 81100
Fenômeno Catarina - SC 25/05/2005 – 81100 Enchentes - SP 31/08/2005 – 85000 Ciclone Extratropical - RS 24/02/2006 – 90740 Previsão para o Carnaval
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Societal Benefits of the Space program – free data access
Energy Ecosystems health Water Resources Agriculture Climate Disasters Biodiversity
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Benefits of the Space Program to sustainable development
Data and information available to society Satellite Imagery Deforestation and burning maps Weather and climate forecast Space Technology and Public Police Public domain geo-information Software Cooperation networks – health, public security, urban planning, natural disasters
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Brazilian Network on Global Change
STEERING COMMITEE EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT SCIENTFIC COMMITTEE Science office Administration office MEMBERS OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE SUB NETWORKS Chair: MCT Climate Models (INPE) Energy (COPPE) Agriculture (EMBRAPA) Biodiversity (MPEG) Health (FIOCRUZ) Human Dimensions (IEA-USP) International negotiations (MCT) Amazônia (INPA) LUCC (INPE) Ministries: Health, Agriculture, Environment, Foreign Affairs, Education, National Integration Staess: FAPESP and FAPs ( Society representation: ABC, SBPC Brazilain Forum on Climate Change
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Brazilian remote sensing satellites
Launch 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 CBERS-2 2003 CBERS-2B CBERS-3 CBERS-4 Amazonia-1 MapSAR
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International satellites used for PRODES and DETER
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 LANDSAT-5 1984 LANDSAT-8 MODIS 2001 Data blackout in 2009?
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If its written in English, must be true…
Science, March
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…and brazilian press reacts…
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Plan “Brasil as a Global EO player”
INPE to propose a roadmap to space technologies for to the Brazilian Space Agency -AEB Build a family of satellites to fly on the PMM Launch at least one satellite per year Sustain industrial contracts Be the mover of the Brazilian launcher project Explore potential convergence between CBERS and PMM
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taking care of Brazil’s needs?
100 Tecnology 2000 CBERS-5 PAN CB3 50 Tecnology 2008 Identif Mapping CCD CB2 Agriculture Deforestation Tecnology 2015 Revisit 10 Amaz-1 AWFI CB3 5 CBERS-6 WFI CB2 A1-CB3 Mapping Agriculture Brasil 2015 Detection of Deforestation 1 1 5 10 50 100 1000 Resolution
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Plan INPE 2020 2010 2015 2020 CBERS-5A CBERS-7 (SAR) CBERS-5B CBERS-3
GPM Amazonia-1 Lattes-1 Lattes-2 Amazonia-3 MAPSAR Amazonia-2
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The Aqua Train Real Constellation
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The Altimetric virtual constellation
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A virtual Constellation: the Charter
IRS SPOT SAC-C ECO : On Duty Engineer ERS-2, ENVISAT NOAA, POES, GOES ODO : On Duty Operator RADARSAT-1 ESA CSA NOAA ISRO CONAE CNES PM : Project Manager AU : Authorized user
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CBERS 3 – 4 Sensor Configuration
WFI 73 m (860 km) MSS 40 m (120 km) CCD 20 m (120 km) MUX 10 m (60 km) PAN 5 m (60 km) 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.3 Built by China Built by Brazil mm
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Industrial police: CBERS-3,4
Participation of National Industry - 50% of sub-sistems Structure Telecom Cameras Energy suply Total of national contracts – US$150 million
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Amazônia-1
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Amazônia-1 (an optical payload)
AWFI 0,45-0,52 B 0,52-0,59 G Spectral bands m m) 0,63-0,69 R 0,77-0,89 NIR Spatial resolution (m) 40 Swath (km) 780 Revisit (days) 5 Global Imaging every three days when operating in tandem with CBERS-3 Provide environmental data to the planet
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Exemple of nacional achievements
Camera MUX (OPTO) Main sensor on CBERS-3/4 CCD with 5 bands and 20 m resolution
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MAPSAR (a light SAR) subreflector, data downlink Reflector antenna
Antenna feeder SAR module Solar Panel PMM
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Data collection system
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Multimission Plataform (PMM)
A bus to carry various Earth Observation satellites km altitude 300 kg payload e 250 kg other subsystems Replicate cost: US$ 15 milhões
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CBERS: exemple to the world
CBERS-2 Launch (21 October 2003)
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Assembly and testing laboratory - LIT
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Assembly of CBERS-2B at LIT (2006-2007)
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Distribution of CBERS Imagery (01/05/04 a 01/03/06)
Number of scenes distributed (145 Mb/image) Institutions 5.200 Scenes per week 2.170 Average recquired time 10 min
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CBERS USERS (%) Government 23% R&D 26% Private sector 51%
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What do the private sector say about CBERS imagery?...
Makes systematic follow-up of projects possible –multitemporal analysis –up do date information; Increases the number of service providers – makes learning and technology use possible – opened up job opportunities; “freedom of availability whenever I need the CBERS data”
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What do CBERS users say? “In 2004 IBAMA realized 26 big enforcement operations based on LANDSAT. In 2005, 197 operations were made possible using CBERS imagery. With CBERS we can do more operations and faster”
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Agrobusiness management using CBERS-2
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Tax enforcement using CBERS-2 (SEFAZ-GO)
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CBERS-2 CCD, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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CBERS Distribution for neighboring countries
Free distribution extended to the footprint of Cuibá ground Station
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CBERS being considered as a potential gap filler for Landsat
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CBERS2-B for Africa Brasil and China agreed on free data access of CBERS2-B to African countries. South Africa and Spain will use their ground stations to receive, process and distribute CBERS data. GEO offer GEOportal (web) and GEONETcast to reach the end user.
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Thank you!!!
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Hic sunt leones et dragones
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Hic sunt leones et dragones
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Hic sunt leones et dragones
fonte: Carlos Nobre
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