1. America in the 1920s…
Part II

2. Corporate Revolution Mergers Managerial Revolution
By 1929 ½ of national wealth absorbed by top 200 corporations.
Chain stores became common
Sears and Roebuck
Managerial Revolution
Corporate leadership began to be controlled by college-trained rather than “build the company from the ground” type (Henry Fords)
Business schools open
Businesses add more layers of management.

3. College Dream

4. White Collar Workers 1920 – 1930 WCJ rose 38.1%
million 1900 and 18% white collar
444% by 1930
Huge increase of consumer products create a need for advertising and sales people

5. Women in the Work Force
Typewriter, invented by Remington Co. in 1874, significant
All typists were middle-class, high school educated and female
Needed to be a good speller and knowledge of grammar.
Lower class men and women lacked these skills.
Upper class men could get better paying jobs
Also teachers, shot clerks, cashiers, and switchboard operators
57% of female work force comprised of black and foreign-born women, mostly in domestic service jobs.

6. Frank Lloyd Wright Most famous architect in US history
Building grown from sites
Not imitate Greek and Roman models
Guggenheim Museum in NYC most famous.

7. Sports Became house-hold names due to “image making” Babe Ruth
Fans bought tickets in such numbers that Yankee Stadium became known as “the house that Ruth built”
Jack Dempsey
Heavyweight champion knocked out French lightweight George Carpentier

8. Frederick W. Taylor
Started movement to develop more efficient working methods increasing productivity which eventually led to increased wages, which led to increase profits.
The Principles of Scientific Management (1911).
Auto industry.
Detroit emerged as the automobile capital of the world.

9. Automobile Impact
Replaced the steel industry as the king industry in America.
Employed about 6 million people by 1930
Supported industries
Petroleum industry exploded
Nation’s standard of living improved
Speedy marketing of perishable foodstuff were accelerated
Highways emerged
Leisure time spent traveling

10. Airplane Dec. 17, 1903 Wright Brothers (Orville and Wilbur)
Flew a gasoline-powered plane 12 seconds and 120 feet at Kitty Hawk, N.C.
Launched air age
Airplane used with some success in WWI
After war Passenger lines with airmail contracts
Charles Lindberg
1st solo flight across the Atlantic.
Spirit of St. Louis flew from NY to Paris in 39 hours and 39 minutes
Became an American icon and hero

11. Lindberg

12. Lindberg Kidnapper Found Guilty

13. Impact Civilization became closely linked
Railroads received yet another setback as airplanes stole passengers and mail services.
Devastating effects during WWII.

14. Radio Guglielmo Marconi National Broadcasting Co. organized in 1926
Italian, invented wireless telegraphy of the 1890s
National Broadcasting Co. organized in 1926
Columbia Broadcasting Co. in 1927
FIRST national radio networks
Amos n’ Andy
Impacts
New industry, nation tied together, families brought closer together, stimulated sports and advertising.

15. Movies 1st real moving picture in 1903 The Great Train Robbery
Hollywood becomes movie capital of the world
Stars
Charlie Chaplin, Rudolph Valentino
1927 first “talkie”
The Jazz Singer
1930s some colored films being produced
Eclipsed all other new forms of amusement
Actors and actresses
Huge salaries

16. Working Conditions Reduction in hours Welfare Capitalism
1923 US Steel offered its working three eight-hour shifts instead of a 12-hour shift.
Welfare Capitalism
American Plan of Business
If workers were taken care of, no unions or strikes would be needed.

17. Gangsters and Art

18. Jazz After WWI (Dance music)
African influenced slave spirituals grew into jubilees and the blues
A.A. fold music retained a certain melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic element that formed a common body of sound.
Ragtime works became published in late 1890s considered to be the earliest jazz

19. Duke and the Piano

20. New Orleans exports Jazz
Louis Armstrong: become first master improviser – some see this as the creation of jazz
New Orleans exports Jazz
Chicago, center of Jazz, after people move from New Orleans
The center for Swing in 1930s

21. Harlem Renaissance Harlem
Black enclave in NYC
With about 100,000 residents in the 1920s that will grow rapidly after WWI.
Harlem produced a wealth of the AA poetry, literature, art and music, expressing the pain, sorrow, and discrimination blacks felt at this time.

22. Poets: Langston Hughes and Claude McKay
Jazz: Duke Ellington ( ) and Cotton Club (famous night club)
Piano player who formed one of most famous Jazz bands in history.

23. Marcus Garvey UNIA: United Negro Improvement Association
“Back to Africa Movement”
Advocated black racial pride and separatism rather than integration.
Native of Jamaica