1. State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact
Study Guide
State of Nature, Social Contract, Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact

2. 1. Natural Rights
Life
Liberty
Property

3. 2. Define State of Nature No Government
No protection of natural rights

4. 3. Life Difficult in a State of Nature
No protection for those who are weaker
In a constant state of survival

5. 4. Define Social Contract
Agreement to give up some liberties to a government in exchange for protection of natural rights

6. 5. Popular Sovereignty
Popular Sovereignty - the people have the power ; The Right of Gov’t to exist comes from the people

7. 6. Baron De Montesquieu
Separation of Powers – separate government into 3 branches to keep the gov’t from becoming abusive

8. 7. Legislature
Law making body of gov’t
In Great Britain - Parliament

9. 8. Separation of Powers
Limits the power/ability of gov’t

10. 9. Important to Limit Gov’t
So that it cannot become abusive

11. 10. Thomas Hobbes Social Contract
People allow rulers that will protect their rights

12. 11.Baron de Montesquieu
Separation of Powers
3 branches of government

13. 12. Voltaire
Right to freedom of political speech, religion, etc.

14. 13. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Popular Sovereignty
Citizens

15. 14. Magna Carta
Created by the barons and signed by King John

16. 15. Peasants and Barons Peasants – Poor Farmers
Barons – Upper class rich aristocrats; nobility

17. 16. Effect of the Magna Carta
Limited the power of the King

18. 17. Significance of Mayflower Compact
First written plan of government in America
Set example for the Declaration of Independence/Constitution

19. 18. Necessity of Mayflower Compact
Stop mutiny among the Pilgrims/Puritans

20. 19. Written and Signed
The 41 men of the Mayflower ship

21. 20. Direct and Representative Democracy
Direct Democracy – all are involved in running the community
Representative Democracy - Leaders are elected to run the community

22. 21. Which is which? Jamestown – Representative Democracy
Plymouth Colony – Direct Democracy

23. 22. Glorious Revolution
When Parliament forced King James II from throne and gave it to William and Mary
(Mary was the daughter of James II)
1688

24. 23-25. English Bill of Rights
No prison without due process (following proper procedures)
No loss of property without due process
No cruel Punishment
No standing army in peacetime
No taxes without Parliament
Right to bear arms
Freedom of Speech in Parliament
Yes, we have all of these today!