1. The Cold War
By: AJ

2. 1945
The Cold War begins after WWII when the Soviet Union tried to expand its influence around the world, and the United States tried to protect non- communist governments.
The United States first uses the Atomic Bomb in War on Hiroshima.

3. 1946 Winston Churchill delivers the “Iron Curtain speech”
One of its main tasks was to restrict people inhabiting the communist area from traveling outside and to restrict the information flow in it, from the non-communist world.

4. 1947
Truman Doctrine is adopted when the nations of Greece and Turkey were threatened by Communist expansion Congress granted 400 million to fight the guerrillas.
Secretary of State George C Marshall calls on European Nations to draft a plan for European economic recovery. The “Marshall Plan” gave aid to nations so they would not have to rely on Communist’s government.

5. 1948
Stalin begins the Berlin Blockade. He blocks all highways, rivers and rail traffic into West Berlin to force the Western powers out of Berlin.
The Western allies responded with the Berlin Airlift

6. 1949
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is established including the countries Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Great Britain, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, and United States (Later Greece, Spain, Turkey and West Germany)
Berlin blockade ends
Soviet Union explodes an atomic bomb during testing

7.
North Korean troop surprise South Korea and invade their territory
Peace treaty with Japan is signed, the US keeps military their for defense of Japan
US exploded a hydrogen bomb at Marshall Islands
Eisenhower is elected US President

8. 1953-1954 Korean War ends KGB established
CIA of US helps overthrow unfriendly regime in Iran and Guatemala

9. 1955
Warsaw Pact was formed in response to NATO being formed. It was a military alliance with the Soviet Union, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Rumania.

10. 1957
Soviet Union launches Sputnik, the first satellite to orbit the Earth. This showed their strength in the “Space Race.”

11. 1958-1959 US launches Explorer I satellite into orbit
Khrushchev becomes Soviet Premier
NASA is established in the US
Fidel Castro takes over Cuba
Soviet spacecraft crashes on the moon

12. 1960-1961 John F Kennedy elected President of the US
Soviet Yuri Gagarin is the first man to orbit the Earth
Bay of Pigs invasion
Alan Shepard makes a suborbital flight in a capsule
Berlin border closed and wall construction begins

13. 1962 John Glenn is the first American to orbit the Earth.
Cuban Missile Crisis when the US has air and sea blockade of Cuba because photos of Soviet missile bases that were being built in Cuba.US makes threats to invade Cuba if the bases are not taken apart because US says if a nuclear attack launched from Cuba they would consider it a Soviet attack and would require full retaliation.
Khrushchev removes weapons from Cuba and US removes missiles from Turkey

14. 1963-1964 President Kennedy is assassinated
President Johnson orders retaliation in the Gulf of Tonklin for attacks on US destroyers
Khrushchev is ousted and replaced by Brezhnev and Kosygin

15. 1965-1969 US Marines go ashore in Vietnam
US troops go to Dominican Republic to prevent another Communist state
Apollo 11 lands on the moon

16.
Nuclear weapon treaty between US and Soviet Union prevents transfer of nuclear weapons to non nuclear nations
Kent State protests of Vietnam War
Nixon extends Vietnam war to Cambodia
Nixon and Brezhnev sign détente agreements which relaxes tensions and opens economic markets
US bombing on North Vietnam intensifies
Cease fire with North Vietnam and the US

17. 1975-1982 North Vietnam defeats South Vietnam Shah of Iran overthrown
US leaves Cambodia
US and Soviet astronauts link up in space
SALT II agreement signed limiting long range missiles by both President Carter and Brezhnev
USSR invades Afghanistan and US has sanctions against them with grains, and decreased scientific and cultural exchanges.
1980 Moscow Olympic games boycotted by US

18.
President Reagan proposes Strategic Defense initiative called Star Wars to intercept enemy missiles
US troop overthrow regime in Grenada
Terrorist attack on US Marines in Lebanon
US and USSR agree to new negotiations on nuclear and space issues

19. 1986-1987 Gorbachev ends economic aid to Soviet satellites
Reagan and Gorbachev remove all intermediate nuclear missiles from Europe
Reagan and Gorbachev agree to remove all medium and short range nuclear missiles by signing treaty

20. 1989 Soviet troops withdraw from Afghanistan
China puts down protests for democracy
Poland becomes independent
Hungary becomes independent
Berlin Wall falls
Communist governments fall in Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Rumania
Soviet empire ends

21. 1990-1991 Boris Yeltsin elected president of Russia Germany reunited
Warsaw Pact ends
End of Soviet Union Cold War Ends

22. 1991 COLD WAR ENDS!