5. A Proposed Chronology for the Emergence of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic Late 19 th - early 20 th century: SIV cpz transmission from chimpanzee to human as source of HIV-1 group M in Africa 1 Late 1960’s – early 1970’s: HIV-1 subtype B spreads to Caribbean/U.S. 2 1979: First U.S. AIDS cases identified through retrospective surveillance 3 June,1981: First report of AIDS 4 1 M. Worobey. Nature (2008) 2 M. Worobey. Unpublished. 3 CDC Task Force. N Engl J Med (1982) 4 CDC. MMWR (1981)

6. Total: 34.0 million [31.4 million – 35.9 million] Western & Central Europe 900 000 [830 000 – 1.0 million] Middle East & North Africa 300 000 [250 000 – 360 000] Sub-Saharan Africa 23.5 million [22.1 million – 24.8 million] Eastern Europe & Central Asia 1.4 million [1.1 million – 1.8 million] South & South-East Asia 4.0 million [3.1 million – 5.2 million] Oceania 53 000 [47 000 – 60 000] North America 1.4 million [1.1 million – 2.0 million] Latin America 1.4 million [1.1 million – 1.7 million] East Asia 830 000 [590 000 – 1.2 million] Caribbean 230 000 [200 000 – 250 000] Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV  2011