1. The Sentence: Subject, Predicate, Kinds of Sentences
Chapter 1

2. The Sentence
A sentence is a word or word group that contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought
Example: The baseball team won the championship.
A sentence fragment is a group of words that looks like a sentence but does not contain both a subject and a verb
Does not express a complete thought
Example: After they won the championship.
A sentence consists of two parts: subject and predicate

3. Subject Tells whom or what the sentence is about
Example: The pitcher struck out the batter.
Example: The fans cheered for the team.
To find the subject ask who or what is doing something or whom or what is being talked about
Who struck out the batter? The pitcher
The Pitcher is the subject
Who cheered for the team? The fans
The fans are the subject
The subject may come at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence

4. Simple Subject
The main word or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is about
Example: The nine determined players never gave up.
Simple subject is players
May consist of one or several words
Example: The Chicago Bears have started pre-season games.
Simple subject is The Chicago Bears, since it is the name of the team
Usually proper nouns

5. Complete Subject
Consists of all the words that tell whom or what the sentence is about
Example: The nine determined players never gave up.
Complete subject: The nine determined players
Complete subject is the subject and all the words that describe the subject
To find the simple subject, eliminate words until the sentence does not make sense anymore

6. The Predicate Tells something about the subject
Example: The player ran.
Predicate: ran

7. Simple Predicate
The main word or word group that tells something about the subject
Usually the verb
Example: The batter swung the bat.
Simple predicate: swung

8. Complete Predicate
Consists of a verb and all the words that describe the verb and complete its meaning
Example: The batter swung the bat.
Complete predicate: swung the bat

9. The Verb Phrase Verbs that include one or more helping verbs
Some simple predicates, or verbs, consist of more than one word called verb phrases
Example: The team is winning the game.
Verb Phrase: is winning

10. Compound Subject
Consists of two or more subjects that are joined by a conjunction
Common conjunctions used are: and, or
Example: Konerko and Beckham hit a homerun.
Compound subject: Konerko and Beckham

11. Compound Verb
Consists of two or more verbs that are joined by a conjunction and that have the same subject
Common conjunctions used are: and, or, but
Example: The team played well but lost the game anyway.
Compound verb: played, lost

12. Kinds of Sentences
Declarative – makes a statement and ends with a period
Example: Robin Ventura is the manager of the Sox.
Imperative – gives a command or makes a request, most end with a period but can end with an exclamation point
Example: Run to first base.
Example: Stop!

13. Kinds of Sentences Continued
Interrogative – asks a question and ends with a question mark
When was the last time the Cubs won the World Series?
Exclamatory – shows excitement or expresses strong feeling and ends with an exclamation point
The White Sox win the World Series!