1. Citing Your Paper Debunking the mystery behind MLA and APA

2. Why Cite? ●Establishes credibility with your reader. ●Shows your reader from where you received your information. ●Gives credit where it is due. ●Protects you from being accused of plagiarism.

3. MLA Modern Language Association ●Commonly used in the humanities, especially in literature and foreign language studies ●MLA has two sections: ○Main Text ○Works Cited page

4. APA American Psychological Association ●Normally used in the social sciences ●APA has four sections: ○Title Page ○Abstract ○Main Text ○References Page

5. Citing 101 On a new page, separate from the main text, type Works Cited or References centered at the top of the page. Works CitedReferences MLAAPA

6. Citing 101 Indent the second and subsequent lines to create a hanging indent. Double space between each citation. Works Cited Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. New York: Penguin Group, 1970. Print Niven, Larry, and Jerry Pournelle. The Mote in God’s Eye. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1974. Print. References Gore, A. (2009). Our choice: A plan to solve the climate crisis. Emmaus, PA: Rodale Incorporated. Niven, L., & Pournelle, J. (1974). The Mote in God’s Eye. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. MLAAPA Double spaced Hanging indent

7. Citing 101 Additional rules that apply to MLA and APA: 1.If there is no author, start the citation with the title. 2.Both citation styles require that you include in- text citations.

8. This is where the similarities end.... MLAAPA

9. Book with one author: Last, First. Title: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year book was published. Medium of publication. Book with two or more authors: Last, First, and First Last. Title: Subtitle. City of publication: Publisher, Year book was published. Medium of publication. MLA Works Cited Morrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. New York: Penguin Group, 1970. Print Works Cited Niven, Larry, and Jerry Pournelle. The Mote in God’s Eye. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster, 1974. Print.

10. Personal interview: Last, First. Interviewed type. Date Month Year Interviewed. Interview published online: Last, First. Interviewed by First Last. Website name. Sponsor name, Year published. Medium. Date Month. Year. MLA Works Cited Crummey, Naomi. Personal Interview. 5 April 2006. Works Cited Obama, Barack. Interviewed by Steve Inskeep. NPR. NPR, 2015. Web. 21 Dec. 2015

11. Journal article: Last, First. “Title of article and subtitle.” Title of Journal Volume.Issue (if there is one (Year): Page number(s). Website: Last, First. “Article Title.” Website Title. Website Publisher, Date Month. Year. Published Web. Date Month. Year. Accessed MLA Works Cited Holmstrom, Amanda J. “The Effects Of The Media On Body Image: A Meta- Analysis.” Journal Of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 48.2 (2004): 196-217. Works Cited Dillon, Karen. “What the Writer’s Block Does.” Blackburn College. Studio 2108, 18 Jul. 2016. Web. 18 Jul. 2016.

12. TV Show: “Episode Title.” Series Name. Network. Original Broadcast Date Month. Year. Medium. Film: Title. Dir. First Last. Perf. First Last. Distributor, Year Published. Media Type. MLA Works Cited “The Target.” The Wire. HBO. 2 Jun. 2002. Television. Works Cited Witness. Dir. Peter Weir. Perf. Harrison Ford and Kelly McGillis. Paramount Pictures, 1985. DVD

13. MLA In-Text Citations In-text citations are placed at the end of a sentence or paragraph, as close as possible to the information that is borrowed. If the author is mentioned in the text simply include the page number on which the information is found: Mantsios claims... Kima Greggs defies oppression by being a successful African American woman within the Baltimore police force (189). If the author is not mentioned in the text include their last name and the page number: “... a role that is unusual in televisual depictions of female[s]” (Marshall 154). If there is no author, include a shortened version of the title in parenthesis and the page number:... stereotypes held true for certain members of the gay community (“Gay Stereotypes” 64). If you’re citing a TV show, include the season and the episode number separated by a period:... Kima orders them to do the same they follow her instructions without controversy (1.8). Closing punctuation comes after the citation.

14. Book with one author: Last, First initial. (Year published). Title: Subtitle. City of publication, State: Publisher. Book with two authors: Last, First initial., & Last, First initial. (Year published). Title: Subtitle. City of publication, State: Publisher. APA Works Cited Gore, A. (2009). Our choice: A plan to solve the climate crisis. Emmaus, PA: Rodale Incorporated. Works Cited Niven, L., & Pournelle, J. (1974). The Mote in God’s Eye. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.

15. Books w/ more than 7 authors: Last, First initial., (list first six authors),... Final author’s Last, First initial (Year published). Title: Subtitle. City of publication, State: Publisher. Interview: Last, First initial. (Year, Month Date). Interview type with First initial. Last name. APA Works Cited Smith, J., Blofis, P., Gerald, S., Morrison, D., Nivens, L., Peters, B.,... Rogers, C. (2004). Writing fundamentals: A handbook for college students. New York, NY: Rutledge. Works Cited Crummey, N. (2016, April 5). Email with K. Dillon.

16. Journal article: Last, First initial. (Year published). Article title. Journal Title, Volume(Issue), pp.-pp. doi:XX.XXXXX or URL (if accessed online) Website: Last, First initial. (Year, Month Date). Title. Retrieved from URL APA Works Cited Holmstrom, A. J. (2004). The effects of the media on body image: A meta analysis. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 48(2), 196-217. Works Cited Glass, N. (2016, July 20). History made: In an astonishing Bronze Age discovery a 3000-year- old community has been unearthed. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/201 6/07/20/architecture/brit ain-pompeii-bronze-age- discovery/index.html

17. TV Show: Writer Last, First initial. (Writer), & Director Last, First initial. (Director). (Year aired). Episode title [Television series episode]. In Executive Producer Last, First initial. (Executive Producer), TV series name. City, State of original channel: Channel. Film: Producer Last, First initial. (Producer), & Director Last, First initial. (Director). (Year released). Title [Motion Picture]. Country of Origin: Studio. APA Works Cited Simon, D. (Writer), & Colesberry, R. F. (Director). (2002). The Target [Television series episode]. In Simon, D., Colesberry, R. F., & Noble, N. K. (Executive Producers), The Wire. New York, NY: HBO. Works Cited Feldman, E. S. (Producer), & Weir, P. (Director). (1985). Witness [Motion Picture]. United States: Paramount Pictures.

18. APA In-Text Citations In-text citations are placed immediately after the information or ideas that are borrowed from a source. If the author is mentioned in the text simply include the date: According to Paul Edwards... volcanoes contribute a very small percentage of these gases (2010). If the author is not mentioned in the text include their last name and the date: This soot and ash block out the sun, causing the air below to become cooler (Morgan, 2007). Include the page number after a direct quotation: “... burning releases additional carbon that was held in their tissues” (p. 72). If there is no author, include a shortened version of the title in parenthesis and the year:... stereotypes held true for certain members of the gay community (“Gay Stereotypes” 2014). Closing punctuation comes after the citation.

19. Works Cited Fofo. Iluita Escrita. 1 Jan. 2015. Open Clip Art. Fabricatorz LLC, 1 Jan. 2015. Web. 20 July 2016. References F. (2015, January 1). Ilutia escrita. In Open Clip Art. Retrieved July 20, 2016, from https://openclipart.org/detail/211233/lluita-escrita (Originallyhttps://openclipart.org/detail/211233/lluita-escrita photographed 2015, January 1)