1. 453 Chapter 2 Sounds of Today’s English

2. Making Consonants Place of articulation Where you make a sound Illustration page 23 Manner of articulation How you make a sound Chart page 25

3. Making Vowels Tongue Position Relative to roof of mouth High, mid, low Position of highest part Front, central, back Chart – Page 27

4. Vocabulary Thongs Diphthong Monophthong IPA Phonemic Contrast

5. Kinds of Sound Change Assimilation Dissimilation Elision Intrusion Metathesis

6. Causes of Sound Change Substratum/Superstratum Theory Phonological Space Ease of Articulation Folk Etymology Hypercorrection Overgeneralization

7. It sounds the same… Phoneme Allophone Complementary distribution Free variation

8. Exercises 2.1Review Only 2.2All 2.3All 2.4All 2.5Some of each 2.6All 2.7All 2.8All 2.9-11Some 2.12All 2.13All 2.14-25Some 2.26All 2.27Some 2.28Skip

12. 2.5 Contrastive Sets The following sets show variation in (1) the vowel (2) the initial consonant and (3) the final consonant. Add words to complete each set. (1) [i]leakfeelleadbeatpeelmeatkeyedbead [I]lickfill______pit_________ [o] ___foal__________________ (2) [p]piepoohPoepaypainporepillpail [n]nighnew__________________ [r]ryerue__________________ (3) [p]reaplipaperipecapsipraplope [t] ________________________ [k] ________________________

15. 2.12 Complete the following charts by writing the phonetic symbols in the appropriate boxes to show the place of articulation. Fill in as many as you can.