3. Imperialism The policy in which stronger nations take over weaker ones  Economic: new markets, natural resources  Political: gain colonies, power, status  Military: compete in arms race,power  Belief in racial/ cultural superiority of people of European descent (Anglo/Saxon )

4. Global Imperialism  Europe: had colonies for centuries  Britain had the most colonies around the world, controlled a 25% of world’s land and people.  Other nations wanted pieces for themselves.

5. African Imperialism  Europe: had colonies for centuries  Africa prime target in 19 th century Rich in natural resources, provided new markets.  Only independent nations in Africa Were Liberia and Ethiopia

6. Asian Imperialism: Japan  industrialized, modernized its government, built up its military.  Needed natural resources, looked to China for trade.  Other nations had begun to divide China into exclusive trade regions.

7. U.S. Imperialism

8. Samoa

9. Samoa  Divided between Germany and the US  Britain settled for some other islands  US was showing its strength in the Pacific

10. Economic Reasons  American farmers produced a surplus of goods  Needed new markets to sell stuff  Needed raw materials for factories  Solution: foreign trade

11. Military Reasons Alfred Mahan  Wanted to build up American navy  Defend peacetime shipping lanes  Needed to establish naval bases in Pacific and Caribbean  U.S. became 3 rd largest naval power

12. Superiority Darwinist worldview applied to business (survival of fittest) Free-market competition (private ownership of business) plus racial superiority to justify imperialism

13. Anti- Imperialism  Cost too much in military protection  Dominated peoples didn’t have same rights as American citizens  Some Americans saw imperialism as a threat to Anglo-Saxon culture

14. U.S. Takes Hawaii

15. Hawaii’s Economy  75% of wealth from sugar plantations  Plantations owned by Americans who had great influence on the government in Hawaii  Labor imported from Japan/ China

16. Deposing the Queen Queen Lil wanted to:  end property qualifications for voting  Restore power to native Hawaiians

17. Queen Lili’uokalani “ The cause of Hawaiian independence is larger and dearer than the life of any man connected with it. Love of country is deep seated in the breast of every Hawaiian, whatever his station.”

18. Deposing the Queen The Americans sugar growers :  Organized a revolt against the Queen 1893  Queen Lil was arrested  Sanford Dole became the temporary president of Hawaii

19. Sanford Dole Grover Cleveland William McKinley

20. “The New Temptation on the Mount: “ Behold all this I will give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me.” A “World- Wide Empire” including Hawaii and the Philippines, is offered on the horizon.

21. Republic of Hawaii  Pres. Cleveland wanted the queen restored to power.  Dole refused to give up power.  Cleveland recognized the Republic of Hawaii, but refused to annex Hawaii.  1897 Pres. McKinley made Hawaii an American territory.

22. China  Spheres of influence for Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan  US wanted in on Chinese Trade  Open Door Agreement – US asserting itself in Chinese trade  Philippines taken from Spanish help make this possible

23. The Boxer Rebellion

24.  Resentment of foreign powers and influence  Bloody attacks on missionaries  US participation in putting down the rebellion helped establish US influence in China

25. Spanish-American War  Some Americans had always wanted Cuba  Many Cubans did not want to be part of the Spanish empire anymore  Jose Marti helped lead a rebellion in 1895

26. Cuba

27. Rebellion  Rebels burn sugar crops to incite the anger of Americans  Spanish government sends General Weyler to put down rebellion  100,000 or more Cubans die in reconcentration camps  Many in America call for war to defend Cuban rights and to protect American business interests

28. Yellow Journalism  War sells papers  Whipped up outrage over Spanish atrocities  Blamed the explosion on the Maine (ship) on the Spanish

29. Yellow Journalism

30. Where the Spanish- American War Took Place  Cuba  The Philippines  Puerto Rico (almost)  Guam

31. Caribbean

32. Philippines

33. What happens  We take Puerto Rico and Guam  We take the Philippines  We put down a rebellion in the Philippines  We establish Cuba as a protectorate

34. Puerto Rico

35. Guam! Guam! Guam!

36. People Still Mad at Us

37. What do you think of when I say “Latin America?”.

38. The US in Latin America  Roosevelt planned a canal across the Isthmus of Panama  This had been tried before by the French  A canal would reduce shipping time and costs and would connect America with Asia and South America (West Coast)

39. Roosevelt’s Big Stick Diplomacy

40. Colombia  Worried about the US  Did not want to sell Panama  Roosevelt is Furious

41. Helps Panamanians Revolt Against Colombia

42. Steps to Getting Your Own Canal  One: offer to buy land from the country that owns it and be angry when they say no  Two: start a rebellion in that country so a new country (Panama) is formed  Three: make a treaty with the new country so you can build a canal

43. Problems with Canal Building  Diseases such as malaria and yellow fever  Engineering issues  Money

44. Canal Building  Took from 1904 to 1914  Thousands of workers, both American and foreign (mostly Caribbean)  An amazing engineering feat

45. The Canal

46. The Canal’s Location

47. Building the Canal

48. Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” Diplomacy  The Roosevelt Corollary 1904 – said that the US would interfere in Latin America if it was in the US interest  For example – they intervened in the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico, and countries in South America for various reasons

49. Dollar Diplomacy (Taft)  Connecting US business interests with interests in Latin American countries

50. Moral Diplomacy  The US as the “teacher”  Wilson wants to spread democratic ideals  Refuses to recognize governments ruled by dictators (Mexico)  Ends up intervening in other countries because of situations created by dollar diplomacy

51. Let’s Review  Define “isolationism” and “expansionism”  Define “expansionism”  Define “annexation”  You have two minutes

52. Let’s Review  What happened between the US and Japan in the 1850’s?  We call this an example of ____________ diplomacy.  Two minutes

53. More Review  What was “Seward’s folly?” (hint: Alaska)  What was the “White Man’s Burden?”  What was the “Great White Fleet?”  Who starred in White Men Can’t Jump?  Two minutes

54. More Review  What happened in Hawaii with Queen Liliuokalani?  Two minutes

55. More Review  What was going on in China in the late 19 th and early 20 th centuries?  How did the boxer rebellion affect the acceptance of the Open Door Policy?  Two minutes

56. Boxers

57. Boxers

58. Boxers

59. More Review  What was going on in Cuba in the 1890’s?  Why did some people want the US to get involved?  Three minutes

60. More Review  Who were the buffalo soldiers?  Who were the rough riders?  What territories did the United States get from the Spanish-American War?  Two minutes

61. More Review  What was the Platt Amendment?  One minute