1. Brief Response How did America change because of the Market Revolution? – New class of Americans who create businesses and support new inventions=entrepreneurs. – New inventions: telegraph, textile mills – Working class will demand their rights to a better life: pay, jobs, safety. – New immigrant groups will be attracted to the US to live and work.

2. Reforming American Society p. 144

3. Today’s goal Religion once again became popular in the early 19 th century; the spiritual awakening An attitude, based on Christian charity, developed to change social problems in America. A movement to abolish slavery grew as more people became aware of what African-Americans were going through in the slave states. Women, mostly middle class, became prominent in many social reform movements.

4. Vocabulary Abolition The US movement to end slavery.

5. Unitarians A growing US religious group Combined revivalism with faith in the individual. Reason (logic, deep thought) was seen as the path to perfection.

6. Ralph Waldo Emerson A former Unitarian minister In 1831, he discovered English Romanticism – Emphasizing nature, human emotions, and imagination. He developed a philosophy called transcendentalism…..

7. William Lloyd Garrison A radical abolitionist, active in Massachusetts Editor of various abolitionist newspapers, including the Liberator. Demanded immediate emancipation of all slaves. Not averse to using violence to meet that goal.

8. Frederick Douglass Self-taught, escaped slave Eloquent abolitionist speaker Joined Garrison, who began a speaking series around the North. Being non-violent, Douglass broke up with Garrison Began his own abolition paper, the North Star.

9. Nat Turner 1831, led a slave rebellion in Virginia. He and 50 followers killed about 60 Whites on four plantations Whites captured and executed many, including Turner.

10. Elizabeth Cady Stanton Worked with Lucretia Mott to end slavery. – Spurned by male abolitionists In 1848, they held the Seneca Falls Convention to begin a movement to promote women’s rights.

11. Seneca Falls Convention Stanton, Mott and other women and men attending posted grievances about the treatment of women in the US. They declared that women have the right to vote.

12. Sojourner Truth African-American former slave who joined the women’s rights movement Also an abolitionist Faced both sexism and racism from even some in her own movement.

13. EC Sojourner Truth’s dignity and strength in handling prejudice is a model for many in America facing similar treatment. See her response on p. 149. Are there other noted Americans, aside from Blacks and Women who have endured such social abuse for their outspoken struggles for rights? Choose someone: Make a good title. Write one ELA paragraph about them, include why they are similar to Truth; include an image. Do on poster paper. Due in five school days. You must get my written approval. (up to 10 points)

14. hwk

15. p. 145, Evaluating These churches enabled African-Americans in the North to have political, educational, and social centers in places where, while technically free, they were still subject to prejudice and discrimination.

16. p. 146, Making Inferences Enslaved African-Americans experienced poor living conditions, hard work, and harsh treatment from their owners.

17. p. 147, skillbuilder Free African-Americans

18. p. 147, Analyzing Issues Abolition, temperance, improving conditions for the mentally disabled, prison reform

19. p. 148, Summarizing More and more schools opened just for women. schools that formerly admitted only men now began to admit women.

20. p. 149, Analyzing Issues Sojourner Truth had done back-breaking work, been beaten severely, and seen most of her thirteen children sold into slavery.

21. p. 149, 3, Evaluating Violence may have been necessary to emancipate slavery Turner’s violent rebellion inspired an equally violent counterattack from slaveholders and a fear of Blacks in the country

22. p. 149, 4, Making Inferences Reformers shared a strong belief in the power of the individual to change conditions in society. The efforts of reformers were aimed at expanding individual freedoms and achieving equality for all.

23. Brief Response What social developments led to the creation of reformist movements (be sure to mention/describe the reforms they sought)?