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Identify different kinds of matter based on the following physical properties: states, boiling point, melting point, and solubility SolidGasLiquid
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Defining States of Matter States of matter are NOT defined by what they are made of. –Example: solids can be elements (gold), compounds (Salt = NaCl), or mixtures (butter) Element (Au)Compound (NaCl)Mixture (Milk, Salt, etc)
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Defining States of Matter States of matter are defined by whether they hold SHAPE and VOLUME Element (Au)Compound (NaCl)Mixture (Milk, Salt, etc) ALL KEEP THE SAME SHAPE AND VOLUME = Solids
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Defining States of Matter Solids – have a definite SHAPE and VOLUME. Element (Au)Compound (NaCl)Mixture (Milk, Salt, etc) ALL KEEP THE SAME SHAPE AND VOLUME
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Particle View of a Solid Particles in a solid are PACKED CLOSELY together and they are in a FIXED POSITION. Particles vibrate in place
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Liquids Liquids – has definite VOLUME but no defined SHAPE 100 ml
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Particle View of a Liquid Packed CLOSELY (like a solid), but move FREELY around each other (must stay in contact).
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Gases Gases - do NOT have definite SHAPE or VOLUME. Bromine gas fills up the entire volume of the container
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Particle view of a Gas Particles can MOVE FREELY and will either fill up or squeeze into available space.
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Questions What are the 3 states of matter? Write a definition for each state?
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Questions 1) Which Statement is True? –A) Liquids have a definite shape and volume –B) States of matter are defined by the substances they are made up of –C) Gases have a definite shape and volume –D) Solids have a definite shape and volume
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Task Draw a diagram of –A) Gas particles –B) Liquid particles –C) Solid particles
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Changes in States of Matter Thermal Energy – heat energy. More thermal energy = More particle movement
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Changing States Solid Gas Liquid Increase Thermal Energy (Heat up) Decrease Thermal Energy (Cool off)
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Melting point Melting - change from solid to liquid Melting point - SPECIFIC temperature when melting occurs. Each pure substance has a SPECIFIC melting point. Use this link to collect the missing information below http://archive.fossweb.com/modulesMS/kit_multi media/ChemicalInteractions/table/table.html http://archive.fossweb.com/modulesMS/kit_multi media/ChemicalInteractions/table/table.html Examples: M.P. of Water = 0°C (32°F) –M.P. of Nitrogen = °C (-345.81998 °F) –M.P. of Silver = °C (1763.474 °F) –M.P. of Carbon = °C (6332.0 °F)
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Melting Point Particles of a solid vibrate so fast that they break free from their fixed positions. Solid Liquid Increasing Thermal Energy Melting point
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Vaporization Vaporization – change from liquid to gas Vaporization happens when particles in a liquid gain enough energy to form a gas. Gas Liquid Increasing Thermal Energy Boiling point
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Two Kinds of Vaporization Evaporation – vaporization that takes place only on the surface of the liquid Boiling – when a liquid changes to a gas BELOW its surface as well as above.
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Boiling Point Boiling Point – temperature at which a liquid boils Each pure substance has a SPECIFIC boiling point. Use this link to collect the missing information below http://archive.fossweb.com/modulesMS/kit_multi media/ChemicalInteractions/table/table.html http://archive.fossweb.com/modulesMS/kit_multi media/ChemicalInteractions/table/table.html –Examples: B.P. of Water = 100°C (212°F) –B.P. of Nitrogen = °C (-320.42 °F) –B.P. of Silver = °C (3924 °F) –B.P. of Carbon = °C (7281 °F)
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Boiling Point and Melting Point Melting point Boiling point
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Solubility Maximum amount of a substance that can be dissolved in a liquid (at a specific temperature). Salt (NaCl) Water (H20) at 20°C
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Solubility Solute – substance being dissolved Solvent – liquid substance that solute is dissolved into Salt (NaCl) Water (H20) at 20°C
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Solubility Solute – ?????? Solvent – ????? Salt (NaCl) Water (H20) at 20°C Salt Water
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Solubility can change Increased Temp = Increased Solubility Different substances have different solubility curves
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