1. 1 Chapter 5 A New Nation

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3. 3 Now that the colonies are free, life is great! They no longer have any problems…Right?

4. They have to come up with a plan for a govt. What will be the relationship between states and federal government? States write their own constitutions only some of them include a Bill of Rights Is there a precedent for this type of govt.? 4

5. 5 Western Lands: Who Gets Them? How to govern them? 1. Land Ordinance of 1785

6. 6 Land Ordinance of 1785

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8. 8 Northwest Ordinance of 1787 How a territory becomes a state…………….. 1. When a territory had 5,000 voting residents, = temporary constitution and elect their own government. 2. When the total population reached 60,000 free inhabitants = apply for statehood

9. Our First Government ??? fear of having too much power in one person’s hands (like the king) state governments limit the power of the National (or Federal govt.) Too much power to the 13 states 9

10. 10 National (Federal) govt. under Articles, had very limited powers, no power to tax, or deal with disputes >> They had already borrowed all the $$ to fight the AR but now had no way to pay it back

11. Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation Congress had no power to raise taxes Congress had no power to raise taxes Congress had no power regulate foreign or state trade Congress had no power regulate foreign or state trade Laws had to be approved by 9 out of 13 states Laws had to be approved by 9 out of 13 states Congress did not have the power to enforce laws- no courts Congress did not have the power to enforce laws- no courts While a too strong National govt. was dangerous>>so was a weak one that couldn’t deal with the nations problems While a too strong National govt. was dangerous>>so was a weak one that couldn’t deal with the nations problems

12. shays rebellion Last straw for govt. under the Articles Shay’s Rebellion – shays rebellion shays rebellion shays rebellion Farmers revolt against the debt they had incurred and wanted the government to close courts- prevent them from losing their farms 2,000 angry farmers rebel in Mass>> govt. powerless to do anything about it People realized govt. was too weak to deal with the nations problems People realized govt. was too weak to deal with the nations problems

13. http://lms.usatodayhss.com/atlan ta/polls/viewpoll/9-vote-for-hs- football-game-of-the-week-for- sept-13 http://lms.usatodayhss.com/atlan ta/polls/viewpoll/9-vote-for-hs- football-game-of-the-week-for- sept-13

14. 14 Drafting the Constitution Who are the Framers?

15. 15 James Madison and Alexander Hamilton called for a meeting of state delegates (Constitutional Convention)

16. 16 The conflict between the delegates leads to the one true great American Values: Compromise

17. 17 The New Government 3 Branches- separation of powers

18. There were 2 plans proposed for the legislative branch of government Virginia Plan: bicameral (2 houses) legislature how many representatives each state had based on population Who might have a problem with this? New Jersey Plan: single house, one vote per state, each state represented equally The solution? 18

19. The Great Compromise 1. One house would be represented based on population of the state. Known as…………. 2. The other house, representation for all states counted equally -2 per state……………. 19

20. This Compromise produced what is today Congress What is Checks and balances? Purpose? /Checks-and-Balances /Checks-and-Balances 20

21. Separation of Powers Clause guarantees no one branch can over take the others 21

22. Three-fifths Compromise 3/5’s of a states slaves would count for population and representation Congress got power over foreign trade> commits to leaving slavery alone for next 20 years Why northerners agree to this? 22

23. ***first big signs of future problems between North and South>> afraid to give Congress power over foreign trade>>they might stop slave trade Southern states were wanting to count slaves for representation (which would make their populations larger than the northern states) North wants to count slaves in population for taxes 23

24. What does the Preamble say? What is the rest of the Constitution? 24

25. How to divide power between states and national govt.? still concerned with national govt. having too much power National govt. has enumerated powers (specifically listed) in Constitution How over time did the federal govt. get more power?> implied powers Powers kept by states called reserved powers Shared powers>>> Federalism- Shared powers between national and state govt’s. 25

26. Constitution Day What does the Constitution mean to you or what idea stands out to you Use an 8-1/2" x 11" paper to create your design You can feature any aspect of the Constitution, the Bill of Rights & or Amendments Make it colorful! Be creative! 26 http://www.constitutionfacts.com/?section=pos tercontest&page=contest.cfm

27. Another decision >>>>>How to elect a president??? Easiest? Why not allow popular vote? (Candidate voted on by all voters) Framers solution??? Electoral college- voters indirectly elect the president Number of electoral votes your state gets is = to # of senators + representatives of your state (GA has 16) 27

28. Another decision How to elect a president??? Easiest? Why not allow popular vote? (Candidate voted on by all voters) Framers solution??? Electoral college- voters indirectly elect the president Number of electoral votes your state gets is = to # of senators + representatives of your state (GA has 16) 28

29. Each state chooses electors>> theelectors choose the president electoral college predictions 29

30. The electors meet in their respective states 41 days after the popular election. There, they cast a ballot for president and a second for vice president. A candidate must receive a majority of electoral votes to be elected president. 30

31. opponents of the Electoral College are further concerned about its possible role in depressing voter turnout. Their argument is that, since each State is entitled to the same number of electoral votes regardless of its voter turnout, there is no incentive in the States to encourage voter participation People will see how election is going on east coast and not vote on west 31

32. People became divided into two distinct groups FederalistsAnti Federalists 32

33. 33 FederalistsAnti-Federalist People became divided into two distinct groups: Federalists Anti-Federalist 1. In favor of 1. Did not believe in Constitution constitution. 2. Stronger central 2. Wanted stronger government State Government 3. wanted a Bill of Rights

34. 34 To promote ratification of constitution; The Bill of rights was promised for the protection of the states and the people.

35. 35 The Bill of Rights