1. Good Food Sense…
nutrition

2. Good Food Sense
Nutrients are molecules that provide the body with energy and materials for growth. Three kinds of nutrients you eat are called fats, proteins, and carbohydrates—terms you may have already heard. Think about what they may mean.
1. Write a brief description of what you think fats, proteins, and carbohydrates are.
2. Which of these three nutrients do you think should make up the largest part of your diet? Which should make up the smallest part? Arrange the three nutrients in order starting from the one that you should eat the most to the one that you should eat the least.
3. Why might it be unwise to eat too much of the nutrient you listed last?

3. Section Outline
A. Food and Energy B. Nutrients 1. Water 2. Carbohydrates 3. Fats 4. Proteins 5. Vitamins 6. Minerals C. Balancing the Diet

4. Nutrition Concept Map Nutrients include Carbohydrates include
are made of
are made using
include
include
Simple
Complex
such as
such as
Sugars
Starches

5. Carbohydrates
Most foods contain carbohydrates which the body breaks down into simple sugars.
Major source of energy for the body
Two Types:
Simple Carbohydrates- contained in refined sugars, but also in Milk.
Complex Carbohydrates- these are also called starches (include grain products, pastas, bread)

6. Nutrition Concept Map Nutrients include Carbohydrates Fats include
are made of
are made using
include
include
Simple
Complex
such as
such as
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
Sugars
Starches

7. FATS
Fats are a major source of fuel energy for the body and aids in the absorption of fat soluble vitamins and contained in cell membranes.
Major Types:
Fatty Acids
Saturated ( Butter)
Monounsaturated (Olive Oil)
Polyunsaturated (margarine)
Glycerol
Binds fatty acids

8. Nutrition Concept Map Nutrients include Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
are made of
are made using
include
include
Simple
Complex
Amino Acids
such as
such as
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
Sugars
Starches

9. Proteins
Proteins are part of every cell, tissue, organ of our bodies. Body proteins are constantly broken down and replaced.
There are 20 different amino acids that will combine to form all kinds of different proteins.
Essential Amino Acids can not be made by our bodies and must be in our diet.
Daily Intake:
Women = 46 g/day
Men = g/day

10. Nutrition Concept Map Nutrients include Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
Vitamins
include
are made of
are made using
include
include
Simple
Complex
Amino Acids
such as
such as
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
Sugars
Starches
Fat-soluble
Water-soluble

11. Vitamins Vitamins are essential micronutrients your body
needs in small amounts.
Vitamins are divided into
two groups:
Fat Soluble – stored in the liver and fatty tissues and are eliminated much more slowly
Water soluble- need regular replacement in the body

12. Fat Soluble Vitamins

13. Types of Vitamins Vitamin A (retinol) D (calciferol) E (tocopherol) K
B1 (thiamine)
B2 (riboflavin)
Sources
Yellow, orange, and dark green vegetables; dairy products
Fish oils, eggs; made by skin when exposed to sunlight; added to dairy products
Green leafy vegetables, seeds, vegetable oils
Green leafy vegetables; made by bacteria that live in human intestine
Whole grains, pork, legumes, milk
Dairy products, meats, vegetables, whole-grain cereal
Function
Important for growth of skin cells; important for night vision
Promotes bone growth; increases calcium and phosphorus absorption
Antioxidant; prevents cellular damage
Needed for normal blood clotting
Normal metabolism of carbohydrates
Normal growth; part of electron transport chain; energy metabolism

14. Types of Vitamins Vitamin Niacin B6 (pyridoxine) Pantothenic acid
Folic acid
B12 (cyanocobalamin)
Sources
Liver, milk, whole grains, nuts, meats, legumes
Whole grains, meats, vegetables
Meats, dairy, whole grains
Legumes, nuts, green leafy vegetables, oranges, broccoli, peas, fortified bread and cereal
Meats, eggs, dairy products, enriched cereals
Function
Important in energy metabolism
Important for amino acid metabolism
Needed for energy metabolism
Coenzyme involved in nucleic acid metabolism; prevents neural-tube defects in developing fetuses
Coenzyme in nucleic acid metabolism; maturation of red blood cells

15. Types of Vitamins Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Biotin Choline Sources
Citrus fruits, tomatoes, red or green peppers, broccoli, cabbage, strawberries
Legumes, vegetables, meat
Egg yolk, liver, grains, legumes
Function
Maintenance of cartilage and bone; antioxidant; improves iron absorption; important for healthy gums, tissue repair, and wound healing
Coenzyme in synthesis of fat; glycogen formation; amino acid metabolism
Required for phospholipids and neurotransmitters

16. Nutrition Concept Map Nutrients include Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
include
are made of
are made using
include
include
Simple
Complex
Amino Acids
Calcium
Iron
such as
such as
Fatty Acids
Glycerol
Sugars
Starches
Fat-soluble
Water-soluble

17. Minerals
Minerals are elements that originate in the Earth and cannot be made by living organisms.
Most of the minerals we need come from plant material or indirectly from animals.
Your body uses minerals for many different jobs, including building bones, making hormones and regulating your heartbeat.

18. Body only needs small amounts:
Macrominerals
Minerals your body needs in larger amounts:
Calcium
Phosphorus
Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
Chloride
Sulfur
Trace Minerals
Body only needs small amounts:
Iron
Manganese
Copper
Iodine
Zinc
Cobalt
Fluoride
Selenium

19. Types of Minerals Mineral Calcium Phosphorus Potassium Chlorine Sodium
Magnesium
Iron
Fluorine
Iodine
Zinc
Sources
Diary products; salmon; sardines; kale; tofu; collard greens; legumes
Dairy products; meats; poultry; grains
Meats; dairy products; many fruits and vegetables; grains
Table salt; processed foods
Whole grains; green leafy vegetables
Meats; eggs; legumes; whole grains; green leafy vegetables; dried fruit
Fluoridated drinking water; tea; seafood
Seafood; dairy products; iodized salt
Meats; seafood; grains
Function
Bone and tooth formation; blood clotting; nerve and muscle function
Bone and tooth formation; acid-base balance
Acid-base balance; body water balance; nerve function
Acid-base balance; formation of gastric juice
Activation of enzymes in protein synthesis
Component of hemoglobin and of electron carriers used in energy metabolism
Maintenance of tooth structure; maintenance of bone structure
Component of thyroid hormones
Component of certain digestive enzymes