1. Volcanic Eruptions & Mountain-Building Forces 8-3.7 Illustrate the creation & changing of landforms that have occurred through geologic processes.

2. Stresses & Faults EQ: Describe the three types of stresses put on rocks, and tell what fault occurs because of each stress.

3. Forces What is a force? What are the three types of forces? a stress that causes rocks in the lithosphere to break or move 1. tension: forces that pull rocks apart ex.) divergent boundary 2. compression: forces that squeeze rocks together ex.) convergent boundary 3. shearing: forces that cause rocks on either side of faults to push in opposite directions ex.) transform boundary folded mountains

4. Mountain-Building Forces What can this bending & stretching produce? What forms if pressure is applied slowly? mountain ranges folded mountains

5. Faults What are faults? What are the 3 kinds of faults? If normal fault uplifts a block of rock what forms? places in the Earth where rocks break (crack) Normal fault-caused by tension forces Reverse fault-caused by compression forces Strike-slip (thrust) fault- caused by shearing forces a fault-block mountain

6. Volcanic Eruptions FS: 8-3.7 Illustrate how volcanic eruptions have created changing landforms.

7. Volcanic Eruptions How are volcanic eruptions constructive? Magma from the mantle rises to Earth’s surface and flows out of an opening called what? What is lava? they add new rock to existing land & form new islands a vent magma that reaches Earth’s surface

8. Cont. What is a volcano? Most volcanoes & other geologic activities (earthquakes, mountains, etc.) occur where? What is the Ring of Fire? a mountain made out of cooled lava, ash, cinders & rock that forms around a vent along plate boundaries an area in the Pacific Ocean where volcanoes are common

9. Hot Spots An area where magma from within the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch, which can result in a volcano Hot spots are an exception to the rule, as they occur within lithospheric plates Form volcanic mountains, i.e. Hawaiian Islands

10. Volcanoes Online http://library.thinkquest.org/17457/english. htmlhttp://library.thinkquest.org/17457/english. html