1. POST CLASSICAL ERA 600 - 1450 SPREAD OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION TO SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA

2. AGE OF LEARNING AND ARTISTIC REFINEMENT

3. Artists and Artisans Architecture Persian rugs Tapestries Bronze Ceramics – Tiles Literature Persian became chief languages in court (“high culture”); Arabic was language in religion law and science Omar Khayyam – Rubiyat Firdawsi - Shah-Nama Sa’di - poet Science Algebraic and geometric theory Sine, cosine and tangent Objective experiment Animal, vegetable, mineral Astronomical instruments – astrolabe, armillary sphere Constellations Medical Cairo = best hospital in the world MCAT type tests

4. RELIGIOUS TRENDS AND NEW EXPANSION Orthodox scholars Grew hostel towards science, non-Islamic ideas Sufist movement Wandering mystics who sought a personal union with Allah Healers and miracle workers Asceticism used Meditation, songs, drugs, dancing

5. NOMADIC INVASION 10 th and 11 th centuries – Persians and Turks took over 13 th century – Mongols great in power 1258: Baghdad taken by Mongols and caliph put to death Mameluks (Turkic slaves) stopped their advancements in Muslim Africa (Egypt)

6. THE COMING OF ISLAM TO SOUTH ASIA 7 TH CENTURY – 12 TH AND 13 TH CENTURY

7. SPREAD OF ISLAM TO INDIA What kind of people lived in India? How would the Muslim migration threaten their way of life? How would it enhance their way of life? What issues are the Muslims going to have to face? Were the Muslims/Indians equal in any way?

8. NORTH INDIA ON THE EVE OF MUSLIM INVASION Gupta collapsed in 5 th Century with regional lords in place Harsha – tried to unite territories under control Largest empire since fall of Gupta Pushed to revenge his brothers death at hand of other regional princes Built roads, rest houses, hospitals, temples, monasteries Met with his people Tolerant of all faiths Capital = city of Kanauj with tough walls, extravagant homes and gardens

9. POLITICAL DIVISIONS AND THE FIRST MUSLIM INVASIONS Harsha had no successor Kingdom fell with death in 646 Politically India divided until 711… Muslims invade Hajjaj – leader in east Umayyad Empire Led raid against king of Sind due to pirates Muhammad ibn Qasim led more than 10,000 warriors Islam brought little change From the 8 th century onward, bands of Muslim raiders harassed NW India

10. INDIAN INFLUENCES ON ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION

11. FROM BOOTY TO EMPIRE: THE SECOND WAVE OF MUSLIM INVASIONS Muslim hold weakened until 962 with wave of Islamic Turkish invasion in Afghanistan Between 1001 and 1030, Mahmud of Ghazi Raided northwest India repeatedly 11 th century Mahmud of Ghur united much of India together Assassinated and replaced by slave lieutenant

12. SECOND WAVE OF INVASIONS Beginning in 1192 Muslims made Delhi headquarters for invasions Invaded Eastward towards Bengal Sultanate of Delhi, 1206 ruled for 300 years Large military machines Cavalry, war elephants Extensive bureaucracies Maximizing revenue through taxes Ruling Muslims over majority non-Muslims Chola Kingdom: 850 – 1267 CE

13. PATTERNS OF CONVERSION AND ACCOMMODATION Carries of new faith = merchants Sufism grew in India Most Hindus converted from low-cast groups Muslims attacked Buddhist monasteries and ignored Hindus Majority of converts were Buddhists Escape head tax Intermarriage Hindus took positions as administrators to Muslim overlords Muslims followed some Hindi traditions Bhakti – Sufi Muslims and Hindus mixed Sufi merchants spread Islam to SE Asian islands, as well. Buddhist held port cities but Islam infiltrated the mainland

14. INTRO TO CCOT ESSAY I.Thesis II.Beginning of the Time Period III.Change IV.Stay the Same V.Global Impact Time Period What is the prompt About How will you Prove it with 3 ways (SCRIPTED)