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 Arab Merchants ◦ Asia, North Africa and along the Mediterranean Coast  Arab Armies ◦ Fail to take Constantinople in 717 ◦ Muslim Armies move into Spain.

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Presentation on theme: " Arab Merchants ◦ Asia, North Africa and along the Mediterranean Coast  Arab Armies ◦ Fail to take Constantinople in 717 ◦ Muslim Armies move into Spain."— Presentation transcript:

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2  Arab Merchants ◦ Asia, North Africa and along the Mediterranean Coast  Arab Armies ◦ Fail to take Constantinople in 717 ◦ Muslim Armies move into Spain ◦ Muslims advance into Christian Europe  Stopped at the Battle of Tours (modern day France)

3  Centuries before Muhammad, Islam had not been able to conquer neighboring regions ◦ Roman Empire ◦ Byzantine Empire ◦ Persian Empire  After Muhammad’s death, all three empires had either been defeated or weakened  Also a shared religion now united the Arab peoples into one group.

4  Unlike the Byzantines before them, Muslims tolerated other faiths.  Muslims allowed Christians and Jews to practice their own religions and pursue their own business affairs.  Non-Muslim citizens did have fewer rights than Muslim citizens ◦ Could not carry weapons ◦ Could not serve in military ◦ Paid a special tax to support the government

5  Golden Age of Muslim culture lasted from about 800 to 1100  Caliphs (religious Muslim rulers) helped the empire grow strong and wealthy.  Bagdad was the capital of the Muslim Empire during its golden age ◦ Bagdad was a natural center for trade  Traders brought goods from all over the world to the Caliph’s court. ◦ The Caliph was considered Muhammad’s successor.

6  Arab scholars not only crated new works but also studied history and ideas from other cultures ◦ Advancements in Mathematics, Science and Literature.  Arab scholars studied both Greek and Indian mathematics ◦ They learned the idea of Zero and “Arabic Numerals” from Indian scholars  Discovery of Algebra (“al-jabr”) ◦ Enabled scientist to make great discoveries in astronomy, physics and chemistry.

7  Arab Scholars organized medical knowledge of the Greeks and Arabs  Made great advances in: ◦ Anatomy (study of structure of bodies) ◦ Physiology (study of functioning of living things) ◦ Pharmacology (study of drugs)

8  Muslim writers made lasting works of literature. ◦ Poetry was import to the Islamic world ◦ Poets were treated as popular as musicians are today  One group of Muslims used poetry to teach their ideas and beliefs. ◦ Sufis, Mystics who believed that they could draw close to God through prayer, fasting and a simple life. ◦ They taught that the world will reveal its mysteries to carful observers.


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