1. Bringing Liberalism to the World To what extent has the imposition of liberalism affected people globally?

2. Why Impose Liberalism? Self-Interest Eliminate or reduce terrorist threats Economic self-interest Humanitarianism Moral or ethical reasons Improve living conditions Stop human rights violations

3. 9/11

4. “This atrocity was an attack on us all, on people of all faiths and people of none. We know the al- Qaeda network threatens Europe, including Britain, and indeed any nation throughout the world that does not share their fanatical views. So we have a direct interest in acting in our self- defense to protect British lives. It was an attack on lives and livelihoods.” -PM Tony Blair October 7, 2001

5. Afghanistan 2001 – War on Terror US invades Afghanistan in direct response to 9/11 attacks Britain supports US

6. “It is an ideological struggle with an enemy that despises freedom and pursues totalitarian aims. Like the Cold War, our adversary is dismissive of free peoples, claiming that men and women who live in liberty are weak and decadent—and they lack the resolve to defend our way of life. Like the Cold War, America is once again answering history’s call with confidence—and like the Cold War, freedom will prevail.” - 2006

7. Bush Doctrine The Bush Doctrine of pre-emptive war was stated explicitly in the National Security Council text "National Security Strategy of the United States," published September 20, 2002. "We must deter and defend against the threat before it is unleashed... even if uncertainty remains as to the time and place of the enemy's attack... The United States will, if necessary, act pre- emptively."

8. Iraq 2003 Weapons of Mass Destruction – FEAR Did not receive international approval and the UN called the invasion illegal US, Britain, and a few small contingencies France opposed – French Fries  Freedom Fries Canada? Half Pregnant? – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPVOhva_cwI http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPVOhva_cwI

9. Outcome?

12. What does the article below suggest about Iraq following liberation and freedom? http://www.theatlantic.com/international/arc hive/2013/03/iraqs-new-dysfunctional- democracy/274275/ http://www.theatlantic.com/international/arc hive/2013/03/iraqs-new-dysfunctional- democracy/274275/ Other perspectives?

13. Canada and Afghanistan Read case study on page 323 and prepare to discuss the questions

14. Liberalism for Everyone? Should western ideology be imposed on other countries?

15. “The British and Americans have gone on a relentless campaign of destabilizing and vilifying my country. They have sponsored surrogate forces to challenge lawful authority in my country. They seek regime change, placing themselves in the role of the Zimbabwean people, in whose collective will democracy places the right to define and change regimes. Let these sinister government be told here and now that Zimbabwe will not allow a regime change authored by outsiders. We do not interfere with their own systems in America and Britain. Mr. Bush and Mr. Brown have no role to play in our national affairs. They are outsiders and mischievous outsiders and should therefore keep out!” -Robert Mugabe, speech to UN, Sep. 26, 2007

16. Does democracy work everywhere? Rwanda? Uganda? What did Colonialism do to Africa? What problems does it create politically? Culturally? Refer to page 324 and 325