2. Louis XIV A Monarch is a king or queen, a monarchy is a government ruled by a king or queen “Le Roi Soleil” The Sun King France

3. mono- or mon- pref. 1.One; single; alone mon·as·ter·yMon·day month monochromatic mononucleosismonotone -arch suff. 1. Ruler; leader matriarch arch·bish·op

4. “I am the State” Louis XIV

5. Biography  Born September 5 th, 1638  When Louis XIV is four years old his father dies making him king of France  Crowned at age of 15 –Advisors helped him rule until this age  Crowned on June 7th, 1654, Louis swears to give the people, “paix, justice et miséricorde” (mercy, or forgiveness)

6. The Crowning (cont’d)  As the king departs, the people cry out “Vive le Roi”!  Louis XIV would go on to transform France and rule longer than any other monarch in Europe

7. Absolute Monarchy  When his first minister died he decided not to replace him and became the first French king to rule alone, this set a trend for future kings.  Starting with Louis XIII, French kings began to have absolute power  French government moved from feudal monarchy to absolute monarchy  This meant a king could spend as much money as he desired on whatever he desired  Unlike England, French king had no limit on amount of money he could spend

8. Le Roi-Soleil  Louis XIV was called the Sun King  The Sun was associated with Apollo, the Greek god of peace and arts  Louis XIV aimed for peace and put a greater emphasis on arts than previous French rulers  Like the sun, Louis tried to make his rituals as regular as possible.

10. 'L'Etat, c'est moi' Louis XIV immersed himself completely in what he called 'the trade of kingship', identifying himself totally with the state in the famous phrase, 'I am the State'. Devoting himself to his people, he put himself constantly on public show—Versailles was open to everyone, not just courtiers. Access to the monarch was governed by court ceremonial, and the immutable rites of the Sun King's day drove the entire 'court mechanism'. Elsewhere, the wheels of the new administration established during the early part of the reign ran smoothly: at the centre, king and council decided; in the provinces, intendants executed his orders.Sun King's day

11. Louis’ sister-in-law wrote this about his dining: “I have often seen the King eat four plates of soup Of different kinds, a whole pheasant, a partridge, A large plate of salad, two thick slices of ham, a Dish of mutton in a garlic-flavored sauce, a plateful Of pastries and then fruit and hard-boiled eggs. Both The King and Monsieur are exceedingly fond of Hardboiled eggs.

12. Versailles  Started in 1623 by Louis XIII as a hunting lodge  Became king’s official residence in 1682  Gates were open to the people of France  Royal Chapel was last piece constructed during Louis XIV’s rule.

13. Versailles (cont’d)  Versailles is not completed until 1820  27 years after it was begun

14. Impressive gardens embellish the Palace of Versailles in France; the palace, a national museum since 1837, was built in the 17th-century as a royal residence for Louis XIV. French landscape architect André Le Nôtre designed the gardens between 1662 and 1669 in a geometric configuration. The garden, laid out along broad avenues, includes topiaries, sculptures, terraces, canals, and fountains. The Versailles Gardens

15. Apollo Room, Throne Room

16. Absolute Monarchy (cont’d)  Lack of limits on king’s spending led to France going into financial despair –Louis XIV spent large amounts of money on Versailles and constant wars  Absolute monarchy continued until July 14, 1789 when Bastille was stormed –Louis XVI, who was king at the time, was executed

17. http://manintheironmask.com/

18. www.union.edu/PUBLIC/MOLNDEPT/ French/studentprojects/ppt/louis-xiv.ppt - Bibliography  http://www.a-castle-for- rent.com/versailles/ http://www.a-castle-for- rent.com/versailles/  http://www.chateauversail les.fr/en/210.asp http://www.chateauversail les.fr/en/210.asp  http://members.tripod.co m/~Yusaku/Absolutism.h tml http://members.tripod.co m/~Yusaku/Absolutism.h tml  http://catreims.free.fr/his0 05.html http://catreims.free.fr/his0 05.html

19. Learning Experience Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_King http://www5.unitedstreaming.com/index.cfm http://www.travelnotes.org/1800/Countries/Maps/france.htm http://www.fleurdelis.com/fleur.htm http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mo http://www5.unitedstreaming.com/index.cfm http://www.pccua.edu/keough/versailles%20powerpoint% 20show.ppt#294,22,Slide 22 www.union.edu/PUBLIC/MOLNDEPT/ French/studentprojects/ppt/louis-xiv.ppt - Adam Woolfitt/Woodfin Camp & Associates, Inc."Gardens at Versailles," Microsoft® Encarta® 98 Encyclopedia. © 1993-1997 Microsoft Corporation.