1. SCADA and HMI Robots and humans The Rise of the Machines.

2. SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition. Method of monitoring and adjusting the process without having to re- write the PLC code. Can be an automatic or manual adjustment.

3. SCADA Used in any process that requires interaction and monitoring These can include, but are not limited to: Manufacturing, extrusion of parts, conveyors Food industry, Milk factory, butter making, and milking cows Power Generation Power Transmission Power Distribution Refining Home automation

4. SCADA Rudimentary SCADA included as the Monitor function in WinLDR. You are able to interact with the plant without coding

5. SCADA Data acquisition Requirement for most systems to keep records of yields/process output to meet statical requirements Need to interact with Database software. Datapump records, and update records for remote queries

6. SCADA Component of a SCADA System

7. HMI Human Machine Interaction. The operator/plant-supervisor has visual control panel, with which they can see the current state of the plant, and make changes to plant parameters if required.

10. SCADA/HMI layout More than one PLC can be controlled in a SCADA system Image source: Wikipedia

11. Piriaka Hydro Stataion Piriaka Power Scheme The Piriaka Power station is located on the Whanganui River 10km south of Taumarunui. The station was originally commissioned in 1924 and was built to supply Taumarunui. In 1938 an agreement was signed with Government to connect the local system to the national electricity system. Another generator was added to the power station in 1971. Station statistics Ownership: King Country Energy Limited Facility Location: SH4, Piriaka Canal Length: 245m Concrete Penstock Length: 200m Head: 8.2m Turbines: 2 x Vertical Francis, 1 x Horizontal Kaplan, 1 x ASEA 1.2MW and 2 x Boving 0.3MW Station Mean Output: 7GWh

14. Interface building Requires specialist software Idec uses WindOI-N2 This software allows the graphical layout and linking to the SCADA controller or PLC interaction

15. Interface building The interface has access to some of the internal relays/registers with the ability to control some portion of the code, and report the results.

16. Generations First generation: "Monolithic“ Computing down on “Main Frames” and Networks didn’t exist Second generation: "Distributed" Processing distributed across multiple stations connect via a LAN Third generation: "Networked“ The control systems are accessable from the Internet