1. Average age then 42 Average age now ~ 64 Shay’s rebellion Reflection of what? Convention called in Philadelphia Revise what? Successful? Constitutional Convention and Ratification of the Constitution

2. What happened on May 30th? Proposals: VA Plan - Edmund Randolph Strong national government 3 branches Representation House of Representatives Senate What did smaller states think? Virginia Plan

3. William Patterson Amend Articles of Confederation Equal representation Unicameral Add powers to the Articles of Confederation Tax, regulate trade, executive and judicial branch Major differences between VA Plan and NJ Plan? Branches of government Representation Legislative branch New Jersey Plan

4. Roger Sherman “Constitution State” Compromise National Legislature representation Bicameral Great Compromise or Bundle of Compromises Connecticut Compromise

5. 3/5th’s Compromise Slavery an issue the Framers did not want to tackle Abolish or regulate? 20 year delay South wanted slaves counted toward representation - economies depended on it Compromise Every 5 slaves = 3 people Also used for taxation purposes

6. 3/5th’s Compromise disappeared from Constitution after Civil War Civil War Amendments made slavery illegal #13 - freed #14 - equal rights #15 - voting rights

7. Commerce & Slave Trade Compromise Should slave trade be abolished or regulated? What did the south want? Why? Voted to delay regulation for 20 years Congress forbidden to tax exports Product?

8. Ratification of the Constitution Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Primary Issues Central Government too strong, too distant No Bill of Rights Leery of taxes No mention of God States lose power to print own money

9.  Federalists Madison, Jay, Hamilton Property owners Pro Strong central government Bill of Rights not necessary Bicameral legislature

10. Anti-Federalist: Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson Believed in common man Participatory democracy Bill of Rights required Did not trust strong government

11. Federalist Papers Explained Founding Father’s thinking “Publius” - NY papers 85 articles written Hamilton - 51 Madison - 26 Jay - 5 (1st Chief Justice of Supreme CT) Hamilton & Madison - 3

12. Federalist #10 & #51 #10 - Madison Concerns regarding factions Advantages of indirect democracy #51 - Madison Checks and Balances Federalism

13. Ratification DE 1st - First in Nation license plates NH - 9th RI 13th September 17, 1787 - approved by Convention September 13, 1788 - ratified by nine states 1st capital - ? Next? Final? 1st priority?