1. Early Growth of the New Nation
Mr. McCain

2. SSUSH6 The student will analyze the impact of territorial expansion and population growth and the impact of this growth in the early decades of the new nation.
a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.
b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.
c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity.
d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.
e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine.

3. Northwest Ordinance
a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans, and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.

4. Northwest Ordinance Remember:
Established system of government for the Northwest territories
Ordinance: Law

5. Northwest Ordinance Important Sections of the Ordinance:
Section 14 Article 1: Freedom of Religion
Section 14 Article 3: Schools to be founded
Section 14 Article 6: Slavery banned
No person, demeaning himself in a peaceable and orderly manner, shall ever be molested on account of his mode of worship or religious sentiments, in the said territory.
Religion, morality, and knowledge, being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged.
There shall be neither slavery nor involuntary servitude in the said territory, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes whereof the party shall have been duly convicted:

6. Northwest Ordinance $ Impact on Western Expansion
People began to move westward
Land was cheap/plentiful
Slavery was illegal
Public schools were mandatory $

7. Northwest Ordinance Slavery Impact on slavery
Ordinance banned slavery in the territory
Required runaway slaves to be returned to their owners
Slavery

8. Northwest Ordinance First time the U.S. government
Impact on public education
Required schools in each township
First time the U.S. government
required public education

9. Northwest Ordinance Addition of new states
States made from NW Ordinance:
Ohio
Indiana
Michigan
Illinois
Wisconsin

10. Jefferson’s Presidency
b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.

11. President of the United States: 1801-1809 (3rd)#3
Thomas Jefferson ( )
President of the United States: (3rd)
Democratic-Republican
Favored smaller government
Feared industry
Supported by farmers, Southerners
“Man of the People”

12. Jefferson's Elections
1800 and 1804

13. Louisiana Purchase (1803) Louisiana French territory
Napoleon’s Plan = New World Empire
Loss of Haiti = No Empire
New Goal – sell to make $
Price: $15,000,000

15. Louisiana Purchase (1803) Jefferson’s Problem:
Strict Constructionist – Constitution did not specify that he could buy the territory
Deal was too good to pass up

16. Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)
Purpose: Explore and map Louisiana Territory
Led by:
Meriwether Lewis
William Clark

17. Lewis and Clark Expedition
Assisted by Sacajawea

18. War of 1812
c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity.

19. President of the United States: 1809-1817 (4th)#4
James Madison ( )
President of the United States: (4th)
“Father of the Constitution”
Democratic-Republican
Secretary of State under Jefferson
Signed agreement to purchase Louisiana

20. War of 1812 Napoleonic Wars Britain v. France vs. Causes:
Situation in Europe
Napoleonic Wars
Britain v. France
vs.

21. War of 1812 Causes: Response to British/French Blockades:
Embargo Act of 1807
Non-intercourse Act (1809)
British interference in American shipping
Limited Trade
U.S France
Great Britain
Impressment of American seamen – captured & made to work on British ships Seizure of American ships – In case they were headed to France Chesapeake incident (1807) – UK ship attacked US ship, 18 dead

22. War of 1812 Tecumseh Causes: Native American conflict in the West
Leader of the Shawnee
Attempted to organize a Native American alliance to fight the Americans
The British supplied weapons to the Native Americans
Tecumseh and his allied were finally defeated by General William Henry Harrison at the Battle of Tippecanoe, in present day Indiana

23. War of 1812 John C. Calhoun (South Carolina) Henry Clay (Kentucky)
Causes:
War Hawks
Members, mostly young, of Congress who supported war
John C. Calhoun
(South Carolina)
Henry Clay
(Kentucky)

24. War of 1812 U.S.S. Constitution Oliver Hazard Perry Great Lakes
Course of the War:
Early Naval Victories
Invasion of Canada
Burning of Washington
U.S.S. Constitution
Oliver Hazard Perry
Great Lakes
Battle of the Thames (1813)
August 24th, 1814
Dolly Madison

26. George Munger The President’s House Watercolor, 1814

27. Means everything went back to the way it was before the war started
War of 1812
Course of the War:
Battle of New Orleans
Treaty of Ghent
January 8, 1815
U.S. victory
Led by Gen. Andrew Jackson
December 24, 1814
status quo ante bellum
Means everything went back to the way it was before the war started
“Before War”
“The state which was”

28. War of 1812 Significance: Cultural Star-Spangled Banner
Francis Scott Key – “In Defense of Ft. McHenry”
“Hunters of Kentucky”

29. What does it mean to be "American?"
War of 1812
Significance:
“Development of National Identity”
What does it mean to be "American?"

30. Homework (i.e. how was being “American” different from “British”)
Write a paragraph
“How did the War of 1812 help develop a distinct American identity?
(i.e. how was being “American” different from “British”)

31. Building the New Nation
d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.

32. Development of the Nation’s Infrastructure
Canal: man-made waterways, that connect lakes, rivers, or oceans and used for transportation
Transportation Problems:
Poor roads
Difficult to move goods / people
Solution:
Canals
Steamboats
Railroads
DID YOU KNOW: The first steamboat capable of carrying cargo upstream was the Clermont, built by Robert Fulton in 1807.

33. Erie Canal Purpose: Fun Facts: Connect Hudson River with Great Lakes
Length: 363 miles
Completed: 1825
Cost: $7,000,000
DID YOU KNOW: The Erie Canal opened up interior New York for development. The cost of moving goods between New York City and Buffalo, NY was reduced by over 90% after the canal opened.

34. View of Erie Canal John William Hill, 1829 Watercolor on paper

35. Erie Canal

36. Canals decreased the cost of transportation

37. Rise of New York City Became largest city in America
Increased trade from canal/road systems

38. e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine

39. President of the United States: 1817-1825 (5th)#5
James Monroe ( )
President of the United States: (5th)
Democratic-Republican

40. “Era of Good Feelings” ~1817-1825 Little partisan activity
Federalist party had dissolved
Monroe received all but one Electoral vote in 1820

41. Monroe's Elections
1816 and 1820

42. Monroe Doctrine U.S. policy first proclaimed by Pres. Monroe
First issued December, 1823
European countries cannot colonize or interfere with nations in the Western hemisphere

43. Monroe Doctrine Reasons for:
European nations were seeking to reconquer their colonies
Revolutions in Latin America during the early 1800’s gave independence to many of these countries
Napoleonic Wars were over

44. Monroe Doctrine Importance of:
Been used by many American Presidents to interfere in Latin America
N.B. At the time, the U.S. had little ability to enforce this declaration