1. The role of scientific information in sustainable Development: Focus in Latin America João Vianei Soares Director for earth observations

2. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE
Who we are...
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE
03/08/61 Dec. No
Creates the Organizing Committee of the National Space Activities (GOCNAE).
22/04/71 Dec. No
Extinguishes GOCNAE and creates the National Institute for Space Research (INPE)

3. INPE headquaters, 2004, São José dos Campos, SP
46 years in 2007

4. Where we are: our national instalations
INPE – Cachoeira Paulista – SP Remote Sensing Data Center
CPTEC
Combustion and Propulsion Lab

5. How many...
Aprox employees (300 PhD, 400 MsC and Engineers, 200 Technicians, 400 staff)
Aprox. 350 researchers, fellowships, Contractors
600 graduate students in 6 programs

6. INPE’s mission
Brazil due to be an environmental world leader of 21th century (Rubens Ricupero)
INPE to be one of the producers of the required science and to offer singular products and services to the benefit of mankind

7. INPE’s mission
Quality products and unique services

8. Examples of singular products for police making and society information...
DETER
Pará 2005

9. Nossa missão: surpreender a sociedade!

10. Pollution from burning and urban-industrial emissions
Large scale
regional scale
Mega citiess

11. DATA INTO KNOWLEDGE SATELLITES SOIL SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND MODELING
Earth Observation, outer space and
communications missions
SOIL SYSTEMS
Control, reception, processing
and distribuition of spatial data
ANALYSIS AND MODELING
Space Science and
Earth System Science
Access to
Knowledge
Innovative Products
to society

13. Are extreme events becoming more frequent?

14. Stronger El Niños?
Photo: Juca Martins

15. When will a new hurricane hit Brasil?
Catarina Hurricane (mars/2004) Imagem NASA

16. Which science? what tools?
Process Modeling and supercomputing…

17. Weather and Climate Forecast

18. Weather Forecast Discussions SX6 SCD1 SCD2 Bulletins PCD
Weather forecast models
Bulletins
PCD
Satellite Imagery

19. Sazonal Forecast CLIMATE DISCUSSION Supercomputer + models
Sea surface temperature
Supercomputer +
models
CLIMATE DISCUSSION
Vegetation Index

20. Changes in temperature in Brazil for year 2050
Climate change
Supercomputer +
models
CO2 emissions
Changes in temperature in Brazil for year 2050
B1-low
Temperature oC
A2-high
Temperature anomaly

21. Annual Pecipitation Anomaly anual [(2071-2100)- (1961-90)] mm/dia
dry
dry
dry
dry B2 A2
Annual temperature anomaly [( )- ( )] oC
hot
hot B2 A2

22. Average temperature rose 0,7 C in the last 50 years!
Tmin
rose
nearly
1 oC

23. Increase in precipitation in the south of Brasil (1951-2002)
What caused increase in Precipitation:
Natural variability or global warming?

24. Impacts on Agriculture
Decrease of the potential producing area as temperature
increases from 1 to 5.8oC
6000
corn
5000
beans
4000
Potential Area (1000 km2)
Rice
3000
2000
Soybeans
1000
Coffee
Atual
T + 1ºC
T + 3 ºC
T + 5,8 ºC
Increase in average temperature
Source: Eduardo Assad, Embrapa

25. Green forest savanization: reaching a new equilibrium biome-clima?
Fate of Amazon Biomes?
2000
2100
floresta
savana
caatinga
campos
deserto
Green forest savanization:
reaching a new equilibrium biome-clima?
source: Oyama and Nobre, 2003

26. Deforestation forecast on BR 319 (Manaus-Porto Velho) in 2020 with protection areas (governace)
ALAP BR 319
Novas áreas de
proteção integral
Diferenças no desflorestamento:
Estradas pavimentadas em 2010
Diminuição:
0.0
-0.50
Estradas não pavimentadas
Novas áreas de
uso sustentável
Rios principais
Aumento:
0.0
0.10

28. TerraCrime: Free Software for public security

29. The Paraná river basin and sub-basins
Paranaíba
Paraná
Rio Grande
Alto Paraguai
Tiête
Paranapanema
Iguaçu
The Paraná river basin and sub-basins

30. www.cptec.inpe.br 27/03/2004 – 51500 25/05/2005 – 81100
Fenômeno Catarina - SC
25/05/2005 – 81100
Enchentes - SP
31/08/2005 – 85000
Ciclone Extratropical - RS
24/02/2006 – 90740
Previsão para o Carnaval

32. Societal Benefits of the Space program – free data access
Energy
Ecosystems
health
Water Resources
Agriculture
Climate
Disasters
Biodiversity

33. Benefits of the Space Program to sustainable development
Data and information available to society
Satellite Imagery
Deforestation and burning maps
Weather and climate forecast
Space Technology and Public Police
Public domain geo-information Software
Cooperation networks – health, public security, urban planning, natural disasters

34. Brazilian Network on Global Change
STEERING COMMITEE
EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
SCIENTFIC COMMITTEE
Science office
Administration office
MEMBERS OF THE STEERING COMMITTEE
SUB NETWORKS
Chair: MCT
Climate Models (INPE)
Energy (COPPE)
Agriculture (EMBRAPA)
Biodiversity (MPEG)
Health (FIOCRUZ)
Human Dimensions (IEA-USP)
International negotiations (MCT)
Amazônia (INPA)
LUCC (INPE)
Ministries: Health, Agriculture, Environment, Foreign Affairs, Education, National Integration
Staess: FAPESP and FAPs (
Society representation: ABC, SBPC
Brazilain Forum on Climate Change

35. Brazilian remote sensing satellites
Launch
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
CBERS-2
2003
CBERS-2B
CBERS-3
CBERS-4
Amazonia-1
MapSAR

36. International satellites used for PRODES and DETER
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
LANDSAT-5
1984
LANDSAT-8
MODIS
2001
Data blackout in 2009?

37. If its written in English, must be true…
Science, March

38. …and brazilian press reacts…

39. Plan “Brasil as a Global EO player”
INPE to propose a roadmap to space technologies for to the Brazilian Space Agency -AEB
Build a family of satellites to fly on the PMM
Launch at least one satellite per year
Sustain industrial contracts
Be the mover of the Brazilian launcher project
Explore potential convergence between CBERS and PMM

40. taking care of Brazil’s needs?
100
Tecnology 2000
CBERS-5
PAN CB3 50
Tecnology 2008
Identif
Mapping
CCD CB2
Agriculture
Deforestation
Tecnology 2015
Revisit 10
Amaz-1
AWFI CB3 5
CBERS-6
WFI CB2
A1-CB3
Mapping
Agriculture
Brasil 2015
Detection of
Deforestation 1 1 5 10 50
100
1000
Resolution

41. Plan INPE 2020 2010 2015 2020 CBERS-5A CBERS-7 (SAR) CBERS-5B CBERS-3
GPM
Amazonia-1
Lattes-1
Lattes-2
Amazonia-3
MAPSAR
Amazonia-2

42. The Aqua Train Real Constellation

43. The Altimetric virtual constellation

44. A virtual Constellation: the Charter
IRS
SPOT
SAC-C
ECO :
On Duty Engineer
ERS-2, ENVISAT
NOAA,
POES,
GOES
ODO :
On Duty Operator
RADARSAT-1
ESA
CSA
NOAA
ISRO
CONAE
CNES
PM :
Project Manager
AU :
Authorized user

45. CBERS 3 – 4 Sensor Configuration
WFI 73 m (860 km)
MSS 40 m (120 km)
CCD 20 m (120 km)
MUX 10 m (60 km)
PAN 5 m (60 km)
0.4
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.5
1.7
2.1
2.3
Built by China
Built by Brazil mm

46. Industrial police: CBERS-3,4
Participation of
National Industry - 50% of sub-sistems
Structure
Telecom
Cameras
Energy suply
Total of national contracts – US$150 million

47. Amazônia-1

48. Amazônia-1 (an optical payload)
AWFI
0,45-0,52 B
0,52-0,59 G
Spectral bands m m)
0,63-0,69 R
0,77-0,89 NIR
Spatial resolution (m) 40
Swath (km)
780
Revisit (days) 5
Global Imaging every three days when operating in tandem with CBERS-3
Provide environmental data to the planet

49. Exemple of nacional achievements
Camera MUX (OPTO)
Main sensor on CBERS-3/4
CCD with 5 bands and 20 m resolution

50. MAPSAR (a light SAR) subreflector, data downlink Reflector antenna
Antenna feeder
SAR module
Solar Panel
PMM

51. Data collection system

52. Multimission Plataform (PMM)
A bus to carry various Earth Observation satellites
km altitude
300 kg payload e 250 kg other subsystems
Replicate cost: US$ 15 milhões

53. CBERS: exemple to the world
CBERS-2 Launch
(21 October 2003)

54. Assembly and testing laboratory - LIT

55. Assembly of CBERS-2B at LIT (2006-2007)

56. Distribution of CBERS Imagery (01/05/04 a 01/03/06)
Number of scenes distributed
(145 Mb/image)
Institutions
5.200
Scenes per week
2.170
Average recquired time
10 min

57. CBERS USERS (%)
Government
23%
R&D
26%
Private sector
51%

58. What do the private sector say about CBERS imagery?...
Makes systematic follow-up of projects possible –multitemporal analysis –up do date information;
Increases the number of service providers – makes learning and technology use possible – opened up job opportunities;
“freedom of availability whenever I need the CBERS data”

59. What do CBERS users say?
“In 2004 IBAMA realized 26 big enforcement operations based on LANDSAT. In 2005, 197 operations were made possible using CBERS imagery.
With CBERS we can do more operations and faster”

60. Agrobusiness management using CBERS-2

61. Tax enforcement using CBERS-2 (SEFAZ-GO)

62. CBERS-2 CCD, Minas Gerais, Brazil

63. CBERS Distribution for neighboring countries
Free distribution extended to the footprint of Cuibá ground Station

64. CBERS being considered as a potential gap filler for Landsat

65. CBERS2-B for Africa
Brasil and China agreed on free data access of CBERS2-B to African countries.
South Africa and Spain will use their ground stations to receive, process and distribute CBERS data.
GEO offer GEOportal (web) and GEONETcast to reach the end user.

67. Thank you!!!

68. Hic sunt leones et dragones

69. Hic sunt leones et dragones

70. Hic sunt leones et dragones
fonte: Carlos Nobre