1. Carbon Foot Printing for Textile Industries
Training on “Reducing Carbon Foot Print in Textile Industries”
Carbon Foot Printing for Textile Industries
Windsor Suite Hotel, Bangkok
27 October 2010
Dr. Balasankari B.E., M.Engg., Ph.D
Arul Joe Mathias B.E., M.Engg., MBA

2. WHAT IS CARBON FOOT PRINTING (CFP)?
GHG emission caused directly or indirectly by an individual, event or product
Measure of environmental impact
Considers CO2 and GHG emissions
Unit: t CO2e

3. APPROACHES… Accounts energy inputs and emission outputs
Limited to emissions effects on climate change
Consider life cycle assessment

4. TYPES OF CFP Organisational carbon foot print
deals with entire activities
Product carbon foot print (single product / activity / service)
deals with life of product
All activities and products through the supply chain
Considers right from production to until end use

5. STANDARDS FOR CFP GHG protocol Carbon trust standard ISO 14064-1
PAS 2050
Legal sector alliance protocol

6. SCOPES Scope 1 - direct emission
Scope 2 - indirect emission due to the generation of purchased electricity
Scope 3 - all other indirect emissions

7. STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED
Decision on the method/procedure/standard to be followed
Identification of organisational and operational boundaries
Collection of data
Application of the emissions factors
Verification of the results
Devising a strategy to reduce emission
Verifying the actions to reduce emission

8. REPORTING Is based on GHG protocol corporate standards Includes
Required Information
Optional Information

9. Carbon Foot Printing inTextile Industries

10. INTRODUCTION Textile industries are the biggest sources of GHGs
Clothing industry accounts for 4% of global CFP
>1 million tons of textiles are thrown away each year
They do not decompose quickly
Generate methane while decomposing (e.g. woolen garments)

11. Ultimate Result global warming
SIGNIFICANCE
Significant in entire processes from cotton growing to until delivery to retailers and final disposal
Cotton cultivation practices – chemicals & machineries,
Ginning – electricity
Spinning – humidification & other electrical applications
Wet processing – heat & chemicals
Garment, carpet, woollen, jute - electricity & chemicals
Logistics to retailer – transportation : fossil fuels
Ultimate Result global warming

12. GLOBAL IMPACT For producing 60 billion kg of fabric every year
132 million metric tons of coal is burnt and
9 trillion litres of water is used
In 2009, first carbon foot print for textile and related products were released in UK

13. CO2 CONTRIBUTION FROM TEXTILE SECTORS1 3

14. CFP REDUCTION OPTIONS Energy efficiency measures
Use of renewable energy

15. CFP REDUCTION POTENTIALS
Spinning – potential to reduce energy use by 10%
Water treatment – potential to reduce about 20% emissions reduction
Dyeing – Some of the new technologies and organic dyestuffs reduce emissions by about 20%
Finishing – old machinery replacement and elimination of diesel generators reduce emission by 15%

16. EXAMPLE FOR CFP REDUCTION
25% savings in climate change impact for gentle power bleach

17. GENTLE POWER BLEACH
Peroxide bleach preparation at mild conditions (at low temperature of 65oC & neutral pH)
Enhanced quality
No fiber damage
Increased garment durability
Enzyme technology
Saves in energy and water
Reduces cotton weight loss

18. Case Study 1 CFP of A T-shirt White colour Men’s T-shirt Large size

19. CONTINENTAL CLOTHING COMPANY
Products:
Blank printable t-shirts, polo shirts and sweat shirts

20. PROCESSES INVOLVED Organic cotton farming Ginning Spinning Knitting
Dyeing
Cutting and sewing
Transport to harbor
Ship transport
Transport to shops
Usage by user
Final disposal

21. CFP OF A T-SHIRT – NORMAL PROCESS
CFP of one t-shirt adds – kg CO2

22. CFP MEASURES Organic farming Natural irrigation practice
100% certified organic cotton shirts
Natural irrigation practice
Cotton farms were located in such a way that monsoon rain could supply 95% of water
Renewable energy use
Production facility is powered by a nearby wind farm

23. CFP MEASURES … Cotton waste generated Dyes Packaging
used as organic fertiliser or
used for other textile and upholstery products
Dyes
made in controlled environment
wastewater is thoroughly treated
Packaging
using biodegradable or 100% recycled materials.

24. CFP ASSESSMENT PROCESS

25. CFP REDUCTION USING RENEWABLES
Actual CFP of a T-shirt with grid usage: 6.5 kg CO2e
CFP after RE measure: 0.65kg

26. Case Study 2 CFP of a woolen sweater Merino wool Normal size

27. PROCESSES CONTRIBUTING TO CFP
Starts from sheep breeding and ends in final disposal of the sweater by end user
Sheep breeding
Wool scouring/shearing
Sorting and grading
Dyeing
Spinning
Knitting
All packaging
Transportation to distribution centers and stores
Washing by user
Final disposal

28. CONSIDERATIONS FOR CFP
Boundary for CFP calculation: Entire production chain
Life Cycle Analysis methodology
CFP was estimated by means of the leading textile company

29. Thank You