1. GENERAL STRUCTURES

2. VERBS

3. ▶ No conjugations. All information contained in the Paradigm : Base form simple past past participle ▶ Regular ( base form + “ED” ) / Irregular ▶ ”TO” + base form = infinitive ▶ Each tense is indicated by an “AUXILIARY” ▶ Interrogative requires “Inversion” of AUXILIARY AND SUBJECT ▶ Negative = “NOT” attached to auxiliary

4. ▶ Tenses are SIMPLE / CONTINUOUS ▶ Auxiliaries HAVE / BE PAST PARTICIPLE GERUND ▶ All verbs require a subject

5. DYNAMIC & STATIVE MEANINGS  DYNAMIC MEANINGS Most verbs have dynamic meanings.They describe ACTS ( hit, knock, buy) ACTIVITIES ( play, walk, work) PROCESSES ( change, develop)  The continuous form has a dynamic meaning  STATIVE MEANINGS Verbs with stative meaning usually describe STATE OF MIND (knowledge,emotion,perception) STATE OF AFFAIRS ( being or having)  The simple forms express stative meaning

6. What do simple forms look like ?  subject  auxiliary  main verb I work I worked I have worked I had worked I will work I would work

7.  What do continuous forms look like?  subject  auxiliary  Main verb I am working I was working I have been working I had been working I will be working I would be working

8. STRUCTURE OF THE SENTENCE SUBJECT + VERB + DIRECT OBJECT ADVERB OF FREQUENCY ADJECTIVEADVERB OF MANNER/ PLACE/ TIME + INDIRECT OBJECT JOHNGIVESTHE LETTERSTO ME ALWAYS IMPORTANTEVERY DAY