1. Music During the Baroque Period

2. Music Era Timeline

3. The Baroque Period Started around 1600 and ended around 1750
Gave a more refined style of music than the Renaissance period.
Started because music was developing into something new.

4. Characteristics of Baroque Music
More use of loud and soft dynamics due to the improved instruments.
Compositions started to be more refined. There was more of an emphasis on a single melody with accompaniment.
Use of basso continuo- played by the cello, bassoon, a keyboard instrument, or viola da gamba. It is a bass line that is written out and slightly improvised to accompany a melody.
More use of dissonance than in the renaissance period.

5. Reformed/New Ideas in the Baroque Era
The introduction of more refined styles of music both vocal and instrumental:
Operas
Oratorios
Cantata
Sonata
Concerto
Suite
The development of new and improved instruments.

6. Question!
Even though the Baroque period has a time frame, what helped quantify when the Baroque period started and ended?

7. New Instruments: The Serpent
Added a baritone/tenor range to the horn family.
Hybrid of a flute and conical cornet.
Used a mouthpiece just like brass instruments today.

8. New Instruments: The Natural Trumpet
Before the trumpet had valves.
There were holes that changed the pitch/timbre.
Musicians had to have a good ear for the correct pitches when playing this instrument.

9. New Instruments: The Baroque Oboe
Was created as the successor to the shawm.
Had three keys unlike the modern Oboe.
Was used in military bands until the invention of the clarinet.

10. His Majestys Sagbutts and Cornetts

11. Ensemble Nova Academia

12. Question!
What is unique about the instruments and the performances you have just viewed? What makes it unique from the music that you hear today?

13. Important Composers Johann Sebastian Bach George Frideric Handel
Antionio Vivaldi
George Philipp Telemann
Henry Purcell

14. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
Keyboardist, violinist, violist, and composer.
Made many contributions to music through his compositions.
Over 1100 compositions.

15. More on Bach
Most of his songs were cantatas, chorales, songs, and arias.
Many of his pieces are still performed today like the Bach Cello Suites.
Unfortunately a good amount of his music was destroyed through wars.
His death established the end of the baroque era.

16. ChristLag in Todesbanded BWV 4
The text is based on a Lutheran hymn
Composed for Easter Sunday
Starts with the Sinfonia (All instrumental movement with strings and keyboard)
The piece then has seven verses that have either chorus or solo singers with accompaniment.

17. Question!
BWV is the way of categorizing Bach’s music. Does this mean that ChristLag In Todesbanded is an early or late composition of J.S. Bach? Why?