2. Genocide Is any act of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: Rwandan Genocide Perpetrators

3. Acts of Genocide Killing members of the group Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group Creating living conditions of the group with the intent to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part

4. Acts of Genocide Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group

5. Rwanda The most densely populated country in Africa 2 main ethnic groups –Hutus (majority group) –Tutsis (minority group)

6. Hutus Launched an intense period of systematic killing of: –Friends –Neighbors –Schoolmates Mostly Tutsis were murdered along with some moderate Hutus

7. Rwandan Genocide In less than one hundred days, nearly 1 million people were killed –April – June, 1994 (Nearly twice the entire population of Washington D.C.) Scenes from Raoul Peck's feature film about the Rwandan genocide "Sometimes in April," (Photos / Roger Arpajou)

8. Tools of Genocide Assassinations Death lists Hate Propaganda Demonizing Civilian militias Rape

9. Long-Term Causes Belgium controlled Rwanda Considered Tutsis superior to Hutus Results: –Tutsis held better jobs, had better ed’l opp’s –Decades of tension

10. Long-Term Causes Rwanda gained indep. In 1962 Hutus took over power Tutsi refugees in Uganda formed: Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) –Overthrow Hutu pres. and take back land In 1990, Tutsi refugees in Uganda - supported by some moderate Hutus - were forming the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF). Their aim was to overthrow Habyarimana and secure their right to return to their homeland. Kagame paul, Leader of RPF.

11. Immediate Causes Death of President Juvenal Habyarimana (Hutu) Plane shot down (No one knows who actually shot down plane) A Rwanda Patriotic Front (RPF) rebel walks by the the site of a April 6 plane crash which killed Rwanda's President Juvenal Habyarimana

12. Beginning of Genocide Immediately, political opposition killed Within hours, recruits for killing dispatched ALL over country Recruits: –Military officials –Politicians –Businessmen –Ordinary citizens

13. Interahamwe 30,000 members Encouraged by presidential guard & radio propaganda

14. UN Reaction Mostly, did not help Rwandans UN troops withdrew after murder of 10 UN soldiers International community did not help either

15. Aftermath July, 1994 RPF captured Kigali Govt. collapsed RPF declared a cease-fire 2 million Hutus fled to Zaire (Congo) UN troops/aid workers arrived to help In 1996 Rwandan Hutu refugees return home after having fled to Tanzania in 1994

16. Aftermath New govt formed Hutu became new pres. 500 people sentenced to death for genocide crimes 100,000 in prison for genocide crimes Not all have been brought to justice