1. Foreign Relations Problems under the Articles of Confederation England did not abandon her forts in the west The states courts did see to it that debts to England were paid The states treated loyalists harshly We weren’t allowed to trade with British colonies Our ships were allowed to enter English ports only with the products of their home states Problems with England

2. Foreign Relations Problems continued The border between Georgia and Spanish territory was unclear Spain stirred up the Indians against us Spain controlled the mouth of the Mississippi River Problems with Spain

3. Foreign Relations Problems... We owed them money and were having a hard time paying Problems with Pirates American merchant shippers had to deal with pirates and got no help from the government Foreign Relations Problems...

4. Which do you think was our biggest foreign relations problem? 1.Presence of the British on “our” western lands. 2.Poor trade terms with Britain. 3.Border and Indian problems with Spain 4.Not having control of New Orleans 5.Pirates 12345

5. Which do you think was our biggest domestic problem? 1. Boundary disputes between states 2. Taxing of goods traveling between states 3. Our currency was worthless, and states had their own 4. Too weak to deal with the Indians 5. Too weak to deal with Shays' Rebellion Answer Now

6. Here are some weaknesses of the government under the Articles of Confederation Provided for a weak national government Gave Congress no power to tax or regulate commerce among the states Provided for no common currency Gave each state one vote regardless of size Provided for no executive or judicial branch

7. Which state would you guess failed to participate? 1.New York because they were big enough to take care of themselves. 2.Maine, distant & isolated, they just wanted to mind their own business. 3.South Carolina, which was afraid that a stronger national government would keep them from killing the Indians 4.Rhode Island, the smallest state— they were afraid that they would lose power relative to the more populous states. 10 Seconds Remaining

8. Disputes Lead to a call for a Constitutional Convention --Meeting of delegates from VA & MD held at Mount Vernon --A meeting of representatives from five states met at Annapolis --Twelve states met in Philadelphia to “Amend the Articles of Confederation”

9. Notable Virginians and the Constitutional Convention George Washington, Chairman of the Convention –Washington presided at the Convention and, although seldom participating in the debates, lent his enormous prestige to the proceedings. James Madison, “Father of the Constitution” –Madison, a Virginian and a brilliant political philosopher, often led the debate and kept copious notes of the proceedings—the best record historians have of what transpired at the Constitutional Convention. –At the Convention, Madison authored the “Virginia Plan,” –He later authored much of the Bill of Rights.

10. The Delegates disagreed about... Large States (with large populations) figured they should get more votes in Congress Small states (with small populations) figured all states should get equal representation in Congress Representation

11. Other disputes How much power should the central government have? Big states wanted to give it more power Small states wanted to keep it weak How should slaves count? Northern states didn’t think slaves should count when figuring representation in Congress Southern states thought slaves ought to count How powerful should the executive branch be? Some wanted a group executive Hamilton wanted a single executive--for life

12. Disputes resolved--Compromises reached In the House of Representatives larger states get more votes In the Senate, all states have two votes The Great Compromise

13. Compromises Slaves count as 3/5ths of a person both for representation and for taxation Slavery Compromise

15. The Executive Branch A single President elected for four year terms, and chosen by members of the Electoral College

16. Other provisions of the Constitution Made federal law the supreme law of the land, but otherwise gave the states considerable leeway to govern themselves Avoided a too-powerful central government by establishing three co-equal branches— legislative, executive, and judicial—with numerous checks and balances among them Limited the powers of the federal government to those identified in the Constitution

17. With the new Constitution, all states have the same number of votes in the House of Representatives. 1.True 2.False 0 5

18. Photo Credits The picture of Mount Vernon is by Phil Wherry and you can find out all about what sort of camera he used, etc. by going to:http://www.wherry.com/photos/2001-07-22- mount-vernon/info.html#DSCN0253.jpg The photo of Independence Hall is from unitedstreaming:Independence Hall in Philadelphia.. IRC. 2005. unitedstreaming. 6 November 2006 The graphic organizer on the compromises is from an old Milliken transparency booklet –the rest of the book has been disposed of, so I can’t give you particulars. However, this was certainly less than 10% of the entire work.