1. Democracy and Dictatorships Steve and Ari

2. 1. John Maynard Keynes, a British economist, thought that if private enterprises were idle, it was up to the government to… a)Do nothing and let the economy fix itself b)Spend more to encourage economic activity c)Party like it was 1776 d)Increase taxes and enact protective tariffs

3. ANSWER: b) Spend more to encourage economic activity According to Keynes, “If private investment funds were idle, Government funds must be employed to encourage economic activity until private funds roll out again.” pg. 797 (Brown Book)

4. 2. All of the following contributed to France’s unrest before WWII EXCEPT a)Destruction after WWI b)Huge loss of public funds due to war c)Popularity of the Communist party during WWI d)Fear of a resurgent Germany

5. ANSWER: c) Popularity of the Communist party during WWI The communist party did NOT gain huge popularity during WWI. After WWI, France was utterly rocked by physical damage and the huge debt incurred from war. They also feared Germany would rise to power once again. pg. 805 (Brown Book)

6. 3. Which of the following groups opposed the “Popular Front” in France during the 1930’s? a)Liberals and Conservatives b)Socialists and Communists c)Fascists and Communists d)Peasants and Workers

7. ANSWER b) Socialists and Communists The Popular Front was a common coalition to fight Fascism. Socialists and Communists were the only ones really fighting the Fascists. pg. 807

8. 4. The Blackshirts led the … in October of 1922. a) Beer Hall Putsch in Germany b) March on Rome in Italy c) Kristallnacht in Germany d) Second Great War

9. ANSWER b) March on Rome in Italy The Blackshirts mobilized a large fascist coup in October 1922 titled the March on Rome which led Mussolini to power. pg. 810

10. 5. Which of the following did NOT contribute to Mussolini’s rise to power? a)Support of strong wealthy landowners and industrialists b)Nationalists demands that Italy should receive more from the Versailles Treaty c)A growing number of disgruntled WWI veterans d)Peasant unrest in the countryside of Italy from 1919 to 1922

11. ANSWER d) Peasant unrest in the countryside of Italy from 1919 to 1922 “The lower middle class was pinched by economic inflation and was unable to find protection or solace in labor unions or socialist movements” pg. 809

12. 5.Hitler grew to power with the help of … because … a)Racists, they hated Jews b)Conservatives, they were afraid of Communists c)Communists, he promised an abolishment of classes d)Jews, he promised political equality.

13. ANSWER b) Conservatives, they feared Communists Conservatives feared Communists. They just did. Conservatives are really far right, Communists are really far left. They feared them. Period.

14. 6. What distinguished Totalitarianism from Democratic systems? a)Collectivization b)Parliamentary elections c)Mass industrialization d)Glorification of Violence

15. ANSWER d) Glorification of Violence According to the book “The acceptance and glorification of violence was the feature most clearly distinguishing the Totalitarian from the Democratic system.” pg 800

16. 7. Mussolini’s Fascist Party gained public support in post-war Italy by … a)Getting elected to Parliament b)Arguing that Italy was slighted by the Treaty of Versaille c)Directing the people’s violence against the Socialists d)All of the above

17. ANSWER d) All of the above Mussolini and the Fascist party legally got elected to Parliament, as well as promoting te idea that Italy did not get enough in the Treaty of Versaille. The violence and social unrest occurring at the time was directed by the Fascists against the socialists. pg. 786-787

18. 8.A major reason for the failure of Germany’s democratic government after WWI was… a)Failure to settle the countries economic problems b)Threat of a communist revolution c)Destruction of Germany’s arms factories d)Threat of attack from neighboring countries

19. ANSWER a) Failure to settle the countries economic problems It’s just a fact!

20. 9. In a totalitarian state… a)The state controls every aspect of the lives of its people b)All industry is owned by the government c)Complete revolution occur every 20 years d)The state guarantees civil liberties to its wealthy citizens

21. ANSWER a) The state controls every aspect of the lives of its people According to the book, “Mussolini was the first to use the term ‘totalitarian’ but the fascists regime that he established lacked the all embracing control over peoples’ lives to merit that term”. pg. 819

22. 10. In seizing and maintaining power in the 20 th century, Communists, Fascists, and Nazi’s all… a)Established good relations with churches b)Respected existing treaties c)Cooperated with League of Nations d)Blamed their nations’ troubles on scapegoats

23. ANSWER d) Blamed their nations’ troubles on scapegoats This answer should be obvious. Nobody respected the treaties. Not a person cooperated with the League of Nations. Don’t get me started on churches.