1. Lactation

2. Lactation Physiology of lactation Changes during pregnancy
Increased breast tissue
Maturation of structure
Hormonal controls
Prolactin: stimulates milk production
Oxytocin: stimulates milk release
“let-down” reflex

3. SFCC:
Figure 14.12

4. SFCC: Figure 14.14

5. Lactation Nutrition for breastfeeding women Food choices
Energy and protein
higher needs than pregnancy
Vitamins and minerals
Most are higher or same as pregnancy
Iron and folate needs are lower
Water
Food choices
Practices to avoid while breastfeeding
Alcohol, drugs, smoking, excess caffeine

6. Lactation Benefits of breastfeeding Contraindications to breastfeeding
Benefits for infants
Optimal nutrition
Reduced incidence of respiratory, GI, ear infections
Convenience
Other benefits
Benefits for mother
Enhance recovery of uterus size
Contraindications to breastfeeding

7. Benefits of Breastfeeding babies moms
balance of nutrients with high bioavailabity.
good hormones
cognitive development
less infections
less diseases
less food allergies
contracts the uterus
delays menstration
conserves iron stores
may protect against breast cancer
convenient
bonding time with baby

8. Lactation Nutrient Needs
Energy Intake
need about +650 kcals to support milk production; recommend +500 from food and rest from fat stores;
Vitamin and Minerals
maintained in breast milk at expense of maternal stores if poor intake; B6, B12, A, D;

9. Water Nutrient Supplements Particular Foods
need plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration
drink a glass of fluid at each meal
Nutrient Supplements
iron to replace stores
often continue prenatal vitamins
Particular Foods
foods with strong or spicy flavors may alter flavor of breast milk
some infants may be sensitive to particular foods that mom eats

10. During Lactation Don’t:
Don’t drink alcohol
Don’t take medications unless OK by Medical Provider
Don’t take illegal drugs
Don’t smoke
Don’t get into environmental contaminants
Don’t have caffeine

11. Lactation and Maternal Health
Illnesses
colds: OK to breastfeed; TB/Hepatitis may have to pump
HIV Infection and AIDS
should NOT breastfeed if there is an alternative way of feeding;
Diabetes: OK
Breast Health

12. THANK YOU