1. The Paris Peace Conference and Treaty of Versailles

2. Canada’s Hundred Days August 8 – November 11, 1918 Canadians used as storm troops 130 km advance 31, 537 prisoners captured Canadians ended the war at Mons, Belgium This is where Britain had begun fighting in 1914.

3. The end of the war – Germany sues for peace All economies struggling to cope with war Germany worried about communism after Russia 1917 October 1918 – German government begins negotiations for armistice October 29 th – German navy Mutinies November 9 th – Kaiser Wilhelm abdicates New democratic republic declared in Germany November 11 th – Armistice officially signed

4. Paris and Versailles All the major powers met in Paris to discuss what should happen in Europe. Losing powers not part of discussion. Different treaties for different nations. Treaty with Germany known as Treaty of Versailles. Starting point for discussion was US President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points

5. Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points Freedom of the Seas An end to secret treaties Self-determination A League of Nations Free Trade

6. Canada in Versailles Borden fights for Canada’s own seat at Peace conference and as signatory Saw it as reward and recognition for commitments and sacrifices in war Borden saw British control over policy to say that “a nation that is not a nation. It is about time to alter it.” Got own seat and separate signatory

7. After the War With a partner decide what would be your general recommendations for installing lasting peace after this war? What should happen to Germany? What other ideas do you have for ensuring the peace will last? What are you predictions for what will happen?

8. TREATY OF VERSAILLES

9. Treaty of Versailles Simulation 1) In your pairs, read your role card explaining information about who you will be playing in this simulation 2) Summarize your point of view to the group 3) As a group discuss the questions given and come to a consensus as to the problems you face 4) Present what your group has decided to the class

10. Lloyd George, Orlando, Clemenceau, Wilson

11. Treaty of Versailles Clauses Article 231: “War Guilt Clause” Germany not allowed Air Force or Navy Small army allowed Germany must give up land Germany must pay $65 billion dollars (equivalent today of $785 billion) Final payments were made in 2010

12. Reparations being sent to France

14. The Aftermath of Versailles USA rejects league of Nations Germany feels “stabbed in the back” Germans protest at the Reichstag in Berlin: