1. CE114 Unit Five: Physical and Motor Development of the Toddler I am so glad you are here. Chat with one another and we will begin at 9:00.

2. Getting to know you, getting to know something about you… Let’s take a moment to share something that will help us to get to know each other a little better. I want to know your favorite candy (if you have one). I think mine would have to be Butterfingers. I just love those. Eating them just makes my day!

3. Unit Five Course Outcomes CE114-1: Discuss age appropriate behavioral expectations and intervention strategies for the early childhood care professional educator. CE114-2: Identify milestones in infants, toddlers, and early childhood development. CE114-4: Describe developmental and environmental factors associated with the safety and health of young children.

4. Thought for the Day Go confidently in the direction of your dreams, Live the life you have imagined. - Henry David Thoreau

5. Topic One What kinds of opportunities can we provide for toddlers to interact with and explore their world?

6. Topic Two In what ways can we encourage exploration, discovery, and independence?

7. Expectations Our expectations for them may not be realistic Why do we have higher expectations for them? What might we think that they can do by themselves that they really can not? Toddlers still need our constant supervision, as they can not predict the outcomes of their behaviors.

8. Facilitating Independence Emerging self-concept - “Look what I can do!” Need encouragement and time and room to explore How can we facilitate this? What could happen if we do not encourage independence?

9. Topic Three Physical and Motor Development: Share strategies that enhance and encourage the physical and motor development of the toddler. Consider both large and small muscle skills.

10. Ten things we can do…. 1.Create and maintain a safe, hygienic, and healthy environment 2.Provide for proper nutrition and for ongoing health oversight 3.Know and use developmentally appropriate activities and expectations 4.Provide positive, supportive, and protective guidance 5.Encourage positive body and gender awareness 6.Provide a variety of materials to encourage both large and small motor development 7.Provide toys and experiences that facilitate perceptual-motor development 8.Observe children for signs or symptoms of special needs or illness 9.Model good health and hygienic behaviors 10.Encourage exploration, discovery, and independence

11. Expected Growth Patterns Locomotion Large Motor Development (They enlist the use and coordination of the large muscles of the trunk, arms &legs) Small Motor Development (They enlist the use and coordination of the small muscles of the wrist, hands & fingers) Small is dependent on the large!

12. Vision Growth and development are influenced by the integrity and functioning of the sensory mechanisms. It is not until 5 years old that children reach 20/20 visual acuity! Eye Abnormalities can sometimes be seen in: Children who received oxygen at birth, were premature, had low birth weight or had congenital anomalies Common eye problems in infants: Strabismus, nystagmus

13. Hearing It is difficult to detect hearing problems in infants through observation only! Without screenings a hearing loss may go undetected until unit a child is 1 to 2 years old! Q#1 What are some signs of possible hearing problem?

14. Nutritional Needs? Wise selection of nutritious foods Appealing preparation and presentation of new foods Mealtime social/emotional climates conducive to food enjoyment and digestion Respect for the child’s satiety and food preferences

15. This is the new food pyramid released in the Spring 2005

16. Things to do… Complete the readings Participate in discussion Participate in seminar Complete Graded Review

17. E-Field Trip http://www.riversideonline.com/health_referen ce/Childrens-Health/QZ00075.cfm We are going to this web-site and taking this quiz to see how much you have learned about child development.

18. By age 3, most children can: a. draw a person with two to four body parts b. draw a circle c. print some letters d. all of the above 2. Most 2-year old children understand the concept of “two”. a. True b. False 3.Most 3-year olds can correctly name at least four colors. a. True b. False

19. 4. At what age can most children use stairs without support? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 5. On average, how long does it take to potty train a child? a. One month b. Three months c. Six months d. A year 6. Make-believe play doesn’t begin until age 3. a. True b. False True False

20. 7. Children can distinguish fantasy and reality by the age of: a. 3 b. 5 c. 7 d. 9 8.Four-year old children can: a. Kick a ball b. Throw a ball overhead c. Catch a bounced ball most of the time d. All of the above

21. 9.By the age of 3, most children can speak in sentences containing: a. 2 to 4 words b. 5 to 6 words c. 7 to 8 words d. Only one-word sentences 10.Which of the following are indications of potential developmental delays in a 5-year-old child? a. Is unable to separate from parents without major protest b. Shows little interest in playing with other children c. Rarely uses fantasy or imitation in play d. All of the above

22. Child development quiz: Preschool milestones Answers 1. By age 3, most children can: Correct answer: Draw a circle Explanation: Most children can draw a circle by the age of 3. By the age of 4, children typically can draw a person with two to four body parts. They may also be able to print some capital letters.

23. 2. Most 2-year-old children understand the concept of "two.“ Correct answer: False Explanation: Understanding the concept of "two" usually doesn't occur until age 3. By the age of 4, most children understand the concept of counting and may know a few numbers. Five- year old children usually can count at least 10 objects.

24. 3. Most 3-year-olds can correctly name at least four colors. Correct answer: False Explanation: While 3-year-olds can sort objects by color, most children can't correctly name four colors until they are 5.

25. 4. At what age can most children use stairs without support? Correct answer: 4 Explanation: The average 4-year-old child can walk up and down stairs without support. Children typically can use stairs, with support, by the age of 2. They may feel most comfortable taking what an adult might consider "half-steps" on the stairs — bringing their feet together on the same step before venturing to the next one. Three-year-old children usually feel confident enough to take "full steps" on the stairs by alternating feet as they ascend or descend.

26. 5. On average, how long does it take to potty train a child? Correct answer: Three months Explanation: Most children complete potty training within three months. If your child is taking longer, consult your pediatrician or family physician. The most probable cause for the delay is that your child isn't mature enough to learn this skill yet.

27. 6. Make-believe play doesn't begin until age 3. Correct answer: False Explanation: Make-believe play usually begins by the age of 2. Three-year-old children typically include dolls, animals and people in their make- believe play.

28. 7. Children can distinguish between fantasy and reality by the age of: Correct answer: 5 Explanation: Five-year-old children usually can tell the difference between fantasy and reality. The "magic years" are between 2 and 5 years of age — when Santa, the tooth fairy and the Easter bunny seem real. In fact, it's common for a 4- year-old to imagine that many unfamiliar images may be "monsters."

29. 8. Four-year-old children can: Correct answer: All of the above Explanation: Children typically begin kicking balls when they are 2. They graduate to throwing a ball overhand and catching bounced balls (most of the time) by age 4.

30. 9. By the age of 3, most children can speak in sentences containing: Correct answer: Five to six words Explanation: At 3, most children can speak in five-word sentences, using pronouns (I, you, me, we and they) and some plurals. Some stuttering at age 3 is not unusual and is usually temporary. Three- year-olds love strangers and love to talk and can be embarrassingly concrete or direct, which is often humorous. At 4, children tell stories and speak clearly enough for strangers to understand. Five-year-olds can use the future tense and can say their name and address.

31. 10. Which of the following are indications of potential developmental delays in a 5-year-old child? Correct answer: All of the above Explanation: Consult your doctor if your 5-year-old child exhibits any of the above behaviors. They could be signs of developmental delays. How did you do?

32. Things to do… Complete the Readings Participate in discussion Participate in Seminar Complete the Graded Review

33. Think about…. It’s amazing what can be accomplished when nobody cares who gets the credit -Robert Yates