1. Intro to Plants and Non-vascular plants IN: 81a

2. General Characteristics
Autotrophic
Multicellular
Non-motile
Eukaryotic
Cell Wall made of Cellulose
Exhibit alternation of generation life cycle
Evolved from green algae
How do you know this cell is eukaryotic?

3. What do Cladograms show us?

4. Essentials for survival
1. Light
2.Water and minerals
3.Gas exchange ability
4.Ability to move water and nutrients

5. Plant Adaptations to Life on Land
Place the leaf cross-section on IN: 80a
Cuticle- waxy protective outer covering helps to prevent water loss & injury

6. 2. stomata- openings on underside of the leaf that allow gas exchange & prevent excessive water loss from the plant (transpiration)
Day-open (most of the time), release water
& oxygen and take in carbon dioxide
Night- close to prevent water loss

7. In which group of organic compounds would you place cellulose?
3. Cellulose-carbohydrate that strengthens the stems; found in plant cell walls
In which group of organic compounds would you place cellulose?

8. 4. Spores, seeds, fruits- reproductive structures
5. Leaves- photosynthetic organs
6. Roots- organs to help anchor and absorb water

9. Vascular & Nonvascular Plants
Plants which contain vessels for transport
xylem- vessels transporting water & minerals up to leaves
Phloem- vessel transporting sugar down to roots
Cambium- found btw xylem & phloem: makes new xylem & phloem
Example-flowers, trees
Nonvascular
Plants without vessels for water & mineral transport
No true roots,stems or leaves
Example-mosses

10. Nonvascular Plants moss “AKA” Bryophytes –Division name
Ex. Mosses, liverworts,hornworts
Small, soft plants which grow in clumps
Absorbs water like a sponge
Live in moist, shaded areas
Small in size (1-2 cm)
Pioneer plants: break down rock
Grow close to the ground
Depend on water for reproduction.
No true roots, stems or leaves
liverwort
hornwort

11. Label the moss diagram on your left page IN: 80b
Reproduction in Mosses a. alternation of generations: alternation between haploid & diploid stages
b. Gametophyte- body form which produces gametes
c. Sporophyte- form which produces spores, grows from a gametophyte &
relies on it for water &
minerals
capsule
sporophyte
stalk
Stemlike structure
Leaflike structure
gametophyte
Label the moss diagram on your left page IN: 80b

12. Steps in reproductive cycle of a Moss IN:80b
1. Spore(n) germinate & form gametophyte (n) generation.
2. Antheridium- forms male gametes(sperm) ay tips of gametophyte
3. Archegonium- forms female gametes(egg) at tips of gametophyte.
4. Sperm fertilizes egg & zygote (2n) is formed
5. Zygote divides and forms sporophtye (2n) n n 2n n 2n n