1. Ms. Berry Social Studies 6 th grade

2.  Why are laws important today?

3.  How did early civilizations protect themselves and keep order with in their societies?

4.  Most wars were fought over farmland and water rights.  No natural boundaries  City-states put up pillars to mark borders  Pillars were destroyed and cities were taken over  New weapons were created- war chariot

5.  First known conqueror  Was the King of the city-state Kish  Established an empire with his army  Became first emperor  Capital city was Akkad  Akkadians adopted the Sumerian culture  He ruled for 55 years  Created the first paid army  2300 B.C. the empire weakened

6.  1790-1750 B.C. Hammurabi, King of city- state Babylon conquered and reunited most of Mesopotamia  Babylonian Empire  Promoted trade and building projects  Created a system of taxation- everyone paid their share  Best known for his collection of laws- Code of Hammurabi  By 1600 B.C. the Babylonians were conquered

7.  282 laws  Dealt with daily life topics such as marriage, divorce, adoption, slaves, murder, stealing, military service, land, business, loans, prices, and wages  Set standard punishments  Introduced the idea of equal justice or fair treatment under the law  However, this equality was limited to social class

8.  The Hanging gardens of Babylon  Created by Nebuchadnezzar II, ruler of Babylon from 605 to 562 B.C.  A series of terraced gardens that had elaborate irrigation systems  Said that he built them to please his wife who missed the forested mountains of her homeland  http://www.unmuseum.org/hangg.htm http://www.unmuseum.org/hangg.htm

10.  Had a great desire to control trade routes  Conquered neighbors one by one using war chariots  United their empire by building roads  Capital city was Nineveh  612 B.C. the empire was brought down by Medes, invaders from the Northwest

11.  How did the people of Mesopotamia maintain order and protect themselves from outsiders?