1. WORLD WAR I 1914-1918

2. Causes of World War ICauses of World War I - MANIAMANIA ilitarism ilitarism – policy of building up strong military forces to prepare for war llianceslliances - agreements between nations to aid and protect one another ationalismationalism – pride in or devotion to one’s country mperialism mperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically ssassinationssassination – murder of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand MANIA

3. IMPERIALISM  THE QUEST FOR COLONIES SOMETIMES PUSHED EUROPEAN NATIONS TO THE BRINK OF WAR  RIVALRY AND MISTRUST BETWEEN COUNTRIES DEEPENED

4. MILITARISM  Having a large and strong standing army made citizens feel patriotic  The nations of Europe believed to be truly great, they needed to have a powerful military  This frightened many people

5. ALLIANCES I’VE GOT YOUR BACK  Growing rivalries and mutual mistrust led to the creation of several military alliances.

6. Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Causes of WWI - A lliances Germany Austria-Hungary Italy Great Britain France Russia

7. CRISIS IN THE BALKANS  By the 1900’s, the Ottoman Empire was in rapid decline  With a long history of nationalist movements and ethnic clashes, the Balkans was known as the “powder keg” of Europe.  Nationalism was a powerful force

8. Causes of WWI - A ssassination Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was killed in Bosnia by a Serbian nationalist who believed that Bosnia should belong to Serbia. Archduke Franz Ferdinand

9. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Austria blamed Serbia for Ferdinand’s death and declared war on Serbia. Germany pledged their support for Austria - Hungary. Russia pledged their support for Serbia.

10. The Point of No Return: The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand Germany declares war on Russia. France pledges their support for Russia. Germany declares war on France. Great Britain supports Belgium and declares war on Germany.

11. Last Box of your Chain Reaction  World War I has begun in Europe in 1914.

12. TRENCH WARFARE  Armies on the Western Front dug miles of parallel trenches to protect themselves from enemy fire.  Armies traded huge losses of human life for pitifully small gains.  Life in the trenches was  pure misery.

13. WESTERN FRONT  Deadlocked region in northern France

14. EASTERN FRONT  The stretch of battlefield along the German and Russian Border.  Known as the “Frozen Front” due to deadly winters

15. NEW WEAPONS OF WAR  POISON GAS  MACHINE GUN  TANK  SUBMARINE  PLANE

16. BATTLE OF VERDUN  The slaughter reached a peak in 1916.  The Germans launched a massive attack against the French near Verdun.  Each side lost more than 300,000 men.

17. U.S. enters the War  The sinking of the Lusitania. German submarine U-boat sinks British passenger ship that left 128 U.S. citizens dead.  Germany was using unrestricted submarine warfare.  The Zimmerman Telegram – the U.S. intercepted a telegram Germany sent to Mexico trying to get Mexico to declare war on the U.S.

18. U.S. ENTERS THE WAR  Woodrow Wilson was the President of the U.S. during WWI  The U.S. entered WWI in April 1917.  American soldiers helped the Allies win World War I.

19. TREATY OF VERSAILLES  Signed on July 28, 1919 between Germany and the Allied powers.  Created a League of Nations: It was created by Wilson’s fourteen points. However, it had no enforcement.  Punished Germany Loss of territory Restrictions on military operations Placed responsibility for war on Germany Germany had to pay reparations to the Allies