1. HIV AIDS

2. AIDS It is incurable. It is fatal. HIV infection
Over 1 million Americans
14 million people worldwide
AIDS kills people
Of all age groups
All ethnic backgrounds
Both men and women
Homosexual & heterosexual
It is NOT who you are that puts you at risk; it is what you DO - your behavior!

3. OVERVIEW Explain HIV/AIDS Transmission How to stop transmission
Army’s policy

4. HIV AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease Syndrome

5. HIV AIDS
(VIRUS)
(DISEASE)
Body’s immune
system is
destroyed

6. IMMUNE SYSTEM BEING DESTROYED
HIV AIDS
INFECTION
AIDS DEVELOPS
(5-10 years, avg.)
BLOOD TEST
BECOMES POSITIVE
(6 WK - 3 MO AVG)
(blood test
detects antibodies)
IMMUNE SYSTEM BEING DESTROYED
* * * DURING ENTIRE TIME,
CAN INFECT OTHERS!! * * *

7. HIV
MAINLY FOUND IN
Blood
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk

8. TRANSMITTING HIV HIV IS TRANSMITTED BY Sexual contact Vaginal Oral
Anal
Foreplay
Contact with blood
Needles
Directly
Maternal (infected mom to baby)
During pregnancy
During birth
Breastmilk

9. TRANSMITTING HIV HIV is NOT transmitted through casual contact such as
Sharing telephone
Clothes
Hugging or touching
Sharing eating utensils
Working or playing sports
Bug bites

10. TRANSMITTING HIV HIV is transmitted through
UNPROTECTED SEXUAL ACTIVITIES
with an infected partner.
VAGINAL SEX
ANAL SEX
ORAL SEX
DURING FOREPLAY

11. TRANSMITTING HIV HIV is transmitted through CONTACT WITH BLOOD
Sharing of dirty needles and syringes
Tattoo
Ear piercing
Body piercing
Drugs
Directly
Spills

12. TRANSMITTING HIV
ALCOHOL (drinking) and DRUGS are cofactors in HIV transmission.
They change your ability to think clearly, to make good choices.

13. PROTECTION AGAINST HIV TRANSMISSION
SEXUAL
Not having sex
Sex with monogamous partner who doesn’t engage in risky behavior
Activities with no exchange of semen or vaginal fluids
Sex using a latex condom (close to but not 100% effective)

14. CONDOM TIPS Use latex condoms only
Store in a cool, dry place out of the sun
Use a new condom for every act of sex
Put on condom before any genital contact
Carefully handle the condom (to avoid damaging it)

15. CONDOM TIPS (CONT’D)
Leave space at tip of condom void of air for semen as you unroll it
Unroll the condom completely
Use a lubricant on outside (it must be water-based, not oil)
Withdraw while penis is still erect to avoid leakage

16. PROTECTION AGAINST HIV TRANSMISSION
During ORAL SEX
Use barrier protection

17. PROTECTION AGAINST HIV TRANSMISSION
BLOOD
Ears pierced or getting a tattoo
Always ensure needle is sterile
Use protection if handling blood
gloves, for example
(IV drug usage not addressed in military class)

18. PROBLEM SOLVING DECISION MAKING
When making a decision:
Get information on actions and consequences (results) of decision
THEN
Make the decision:
Be sure you are willing to accept the consequences of that decision!
THINK BEFORE YOU ACT!!!

19. Communicate your decision clearly and specifically
COMMUNICATION
Consists of
Verbal messages
Nonverbal messages
Communicate your decision clearly and specifically

20. ARMY SURVEY
18,125 soldiers
42% reported one or more high risk behaviors in the past 12 months such as:
1 or more one night stands
5 or more sexual partners
1 or more sex partners who had HIV/AIDS
1 or more prostitutes as sex partners

21. ARMY SURVEY
18,125 soldiers
16% said sex without a condom was worth the risk of infection
14% said it was safe for soldiers to have unprotected sex with other soldiers since all are tested

22. 6 months before OCONUS deployments
HIV ARMY POLICY
Testing every 2 years
6 months before OCONUS deployments
IF POSITIVE
Counseling
Ordered not to have unprotected sex; must inform partner
May not be deployed OCONUS

23. SUMMARY
HIV is transmitted via semen, vaginal fluid, blood and breast milk.
HIV can be passed between sexes AND within (homosexual and heterosexual).
A person who is HIV infected my look and feel fine.

24. SUMMARY (cont’d) ANYONE is at risk for getting infected with HIV
(It is NOT who you are; it is what you do!!)
IF engaging in risky behavior, use barrier (condom) protection.
Respect yourself - Protect yourself!
BEST protection: engage in non-risky behaviors (ex: abstinence, monogamous)

25. BEFORE SEX AFTER SEX Use a new condom every time you have sex-before
foreplay, before penis gets anywhere near any body opening.
(To avoid exposure to any body fluid that can carry infection.)
Handle condom gently.
Put condom on as soon as penis is hard.
Be sure rolled-up ring is on the outside. And leave space
at tip to hold semen when you come.
Squeeze tip gently so no air is trapped inside.
Hold tip while you unroll condom...all the way down to the hair.
If condom doesn’t unroll, its on wrong. Throw it away.
Start over with a new one.
AFTER SEX
Pull out slowly right after you come, while penis is still hard.
Hold condom in place on penis to avoid spilling semen.
Turn and move completely away before you let go of condom.
Throw used condom away. And no more sex without a new
condom